仿生全翼式太阳能无人机气动数值模拟

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2015.0038

流体力学与飞行力学

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仿生全翼式太阳能无人机气动数值模拟

甘文彪¹, 周洲², 许晓平²

1. 北京航空航天大学无人驾驶飞行器设计研究所, 北京 100191;
2. 西北工业大学航空学院, 西安 710072

收稿日期:2014-10-29 修回日期:2015-02-02 出版日期:2015-10-15 发布日期:2015-10-27
通讯作者: 甘文彪, Tel.: 010-82317395 E-mail: ganhope@buaa.edu.cn E-mail:ganhope@buaa.edu.cn
作者简介:甘文彪男, 博士, 讲师。主要研究方向: 飞行器总体气动设计与计算流体力学。 Tel.:010-82317395 E-mail: ganhope@buaa.edu.cn;周洲女, 博士, 教授, 博士生导师。主要研究方向: 飞行器总体、气动设计。 Tel: 025-88453368 E-mail: zhouzhou@nwpu.edu.cn
基金资助:
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金 (YWF-15-GJSYS-031); 国家自然科学基金 (11302178)

Aerodynamic numerical simulation of bionic full-wing typical solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicle

GAN Wenbiao¹, ZHOU Zhou², XU Xiaoping²

1. Research Institute of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China;
2. School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China

Received:2014-10-29 Revised:2015-02-02 Online:2015-10-15 Published:2015-10-27
Supported by:
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (YWF-15-GJSYS-031); National Natural Science Foundation of China (11302178)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以高空太阳能无人机(UAV)为背景,针对某仿生全翼式太阳能无人机开展了气动数值模拟研究。首先,应用基于改进层流动能模型的雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程数值模拟方法,对典型低雷诺数机翼进行了数值验证;其次,回顾了某仿生全翼式太阳能无人机的基本设计特征;接着,采用数值模拟方法对该无人机进行了基本气动性能的计算分析;最后,对无人机的横航向性能和方向舵舵效进行了检验性的数值模拟。研究表明:该无人机各部件相互之间流动干扰较小,具有层流分离、转捩和湍流再附等低雷诺数流动特征;其基本气动性能较高 (巡航升阻比大于34,纵向静稳定度约为8%),具有静稳定的横航向性能和较好的方向舵舵效;其仿生全翼式构型是一种较有前景的太阳能无人机布局形式。

关键词: 仿生全翼式, 太阳能无人机, 数值模拟, 低雷诺数, 层流动能模型

Abstract:

Based on solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) of high altitude, aerodynamic numerical simulation is carried out for a bionic full-wing typical solar-powered UAV. First, typical low Reynolds wing is calculated and verified by Reynolds-average Navier-Stokes numerical simulation method, which is based on modified laminar kinetic energy model. Second, design features of bionic full-wing typical solar-powered UAV are reviewed. Third, the basic aerodynamic performance of UAV is simulated by numerical simulation method. Finally, directional-lateral performance and rudder efficiency of UAV are calculated and analyzed to gain more comprehensive aerodynamic performance. The research shows that this bionic full-wing typical solar-powered UAV has complex low Reynolds flow features (laminar separation, transition, turbulence reattachment and so on), small flow interference for parts, high basic aerodynamic performance (cruise lift-drag-ratio is greater than 34, the longitudinal static stability is about 8%), static stable directional-lateral performance and great rudder efficiency, and the bionic full-wing type is a promising configuration.

Key words: bionic full-wing type, solar-powered UAV, numerical simulation, low Reynolds, laminar kinetic energy model

中图分类号:

V211.3

甘文彪, 周洲, 许晓平. 仿生全翼式太阳能无人机气动数值模拟[J]. 航空学报, 2015, 36(10): 3284-3294.

GAN Wenbiao, ZHOU Zhou, XU Xiaoping. Aerodynamic numerical simulation of bionic full-wing typical solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicle[J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2015, 36(10): 3284-3294.

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E-mail：hkxb@buaa.edu.cn

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主管单位：中国科学技术协会主办单位：中国航空学会北京航空航天大学

仿生全翼式太阳能无人机气动数值模拟

Aerodynamic numerical simulation of bionic full-wing typical solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicle

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