航空学报 > 2023, Vol. 44 Issue (S2): 729289-729289   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2023.29289

冰层中相控阵超声波束传播特性的数值模拟

张鸿健1,2, 张晏鑫1,2, 熊建军1, 赵照1, 冉林1, 易贤1,2()   

  1. 1.中国空气动力研究与发展中心 结冰与防除冰重点实验室,绵阳 621000
    2.中国空气动力研究与发展中心 空天飞行空气动力科学与技术全国重点实验室,绵阳 621000
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-10 修回日期:2023-07-16 接受日期:2023-07-17 出版日期:2023-10-11 发布日期:2023-10-08
  • 通讯作者: 易贤 E-mail:yixian_2000@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重大科技专项(J2019-Ⅲ-0010-0054);国家自然科学基金重点项目(12132019)

Numerical simulation of phased array ultrasonic beam propagation characteristics in ice layer

Hongjian ZHANG1,2, Yanxin ZHANG1,2, Jianjun XIONG1, Zhao ZHAO1, Lin RAN1, Xian YI1,2()   

  1. 1.Key Laboratory of Icing and Anti/De-icing,China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang 621000,China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Aerodynamics,China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang 621000,China
  • Received:2023-07-10 Revised:2023-07-16 Accepted:2023-07-17 Online:2023-10-11 Published:2023-10-08
  • Contact: Xian YI E-mail:yixian_2000@163.com
  • Supported by:
    National Science and Technology Major Project (J2019-Ⅲ-0010-0054);National Natural Science Foundation of China (Key Program)(12132019)

摘要:

为解决现有结冰探测技术监测范围小、探测灵敏度低和冰厚探测受限等问题,开展了基于相控阵的超声结冰探测机理研究。以COMSOL为数值计算平台,在相控阵超声波束合成原理基础上,构建了相控阵超声波束覆冰铝板传播模型,研究了相控阵超声波束在三维冰层中的传播规律。与其他结冰探测技术比较,相控阵超声结冰探测范围更宽;与同相激励比较,相控阵激励产生的超声波束能量更集中;S0模态波束位移峰值随冰厚、冰宽、冰长的变化更加显著,S0模态波束位移峰值变化率随激励频率递增,可应用于提高结冰探测灵敏度;超过一定激励频率时S0模态波束位移峰值出现拐点,可能导致冰厚提前饱和;选用合适的激励频率,可同时提高结冰探测灵敏度和冰厚探测的上限。初步探明了相控阵超声波束在冰层中的传播特性,为后续开展超声结冰探测的工程化应用提供了理论参考。

关键词: 结冰探测, 超声波束, 相控阵, 数值模拟, S0模态

Abstract:

To solve the problems of small monitoring range, low detection sensitivity and limited detection of ice thickness, the mechanism of ultrasonic icing detection based on phased array is studied. Based on the synthesis principle of phased array ultrasonic beam, using COMSOL as a numerical calculation platform, a propagation model of phased array ultrasonic beam on aluminum plate covered with ice is constructed, and the propagation law of phased array ultrasonic beam in three-dimensional ice layer is studied. Compared with the other icing detection technologies, phased array ultrasonic icing detection offers a wider detection range. Compared with in-phase excitation, the energy of ultrasonic beam generated by phased array excitation is more concentrated. The displacement peak of the S0 mode beam changes more significantly with ice thickness, ice width, and ice length. The displacement peak change rate of the S0 mode beam increases with the excitation frequency, which can enhance the sensitivity of ice detection. When the excitation frequency exceeds a certain level, the peak displacement of the S0 mode beam exhibits a turning point, which may lead to early saturation of ice thickness. Choosing an appropriate excitation frequency can simultaneously improve the sensitivity of icing detection and the upper limit of ice thickness detection. The propagation characteristics of phased array ultrasonic beam in ice layer are preliminarily verified, which provides theoretical reference for future engineering application of ultrasonic icing detection.

Key words: ice detection, ultrasonic beam, phased array, numerical simulation, S0 mode

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