超临界压力煤油与高压空气逆流换热及热氧化结焦的长时间耦合特性研究

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2026.33290

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超临界压力煤油与高压空气逆流换热及热氧化结焦的长时间耦合特性研究

赵墨林¹,袁渊²,孟华¹

1. 浙江大学
2. 浙江省杭州市浙江大学航空航天学院

收稿日期:2025-12-26 修回日期:2026-04-03 出版日期:2026-04-09 发布日期:2026-04-09
通讯作者: 孟华
基金资助:
国家两机重大专项基础研究项目

Long-term coupled characteristics of counter-flow heat exchange and thermal oxidative coking between supercritical-pressure kerosene and high-pressure air

Received:2025-12-26 Revised:2026-04-03 Online:2026-04-09 Published:2026-04-09
Contact: Hua MENG
Supported by:
National Science and Technology Major Project

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 摘要：在先进航空发动机中采用空-油逆流换热器能有效降低高压空气的温度、恢复其冷却能力。然而，航空煤油在换热过程中易发生热氧化反应、造成壁面结焦，影响其长期换热性能。本文针对超临界压力（3 MPa）下航空煤油与高压（4 MPa）空气在逆流换热器中的长时间（15 h）换热过程开展了数值计算研究，采用35步详细化学反应机理、并结合动网格技术，模拟了热氧化结焦层的逐步增厚过程，在不同空气流率和溶解氧质量分数工况下系统分析了热氧化结焦与换热的耦合特性，定量评估了壁面结焦对换热器总传热系数、传热单元数（NTU）及有效度（ε）的影响规律。结果表明：较大的空气流率（较强的空-油换热率）会造成煤油管道内的最大壁面结焦速率与结焦层位置向上游迁移，但结焦层厚度峰值基本不变；降低溶解氧质量分数能够显著减小中下游区域的结焦层厚度，改善局部换热效果；壁面结焦量的逐渐积累会引起换热性能的持续衰退，在本文计算工况下其无量纲NTU和无量纲ε之间呈现线性变化关系。

关键词: 关键词：超临界压力, 空-油换热, 热氧化反应, 壁面结焦, 数值模拟

Abstract: Abstract: A counter-flow air-fuel heat exchanger can be applied in an advanced aero engine to effectively decrease the high-pressure air temperature and thus recover its cooling capacity. However, the fuel, kerosene, is susceptible to thermal oxidative reactions in the heat exchange process, causing surface coking that would degrade the long-term heat exchange performance. Numerical studies have been conducted to investigate the long-term (15 h) heat exchange process between the supercritical-pressure (3 MPa) kerosene and high-pressure air (4 MPa) in a counter-flow heat exchanger, employing a detailed 35-step chemical reaction mechanism and a dynamic mesh moving method. The transient coking layer thickening process from thermal oxidative reactions was simulated, the coupled characteristics of thermal oxidative coking and heat exchange were analyzed under different air mass flow rates and dissolved oxygen mass fractions, and the effects of surface coking on the total heat transfer coefficient, number of transfer units (NTU), and effectiveness (ε) in the counter-flow heat exchanger were quantitatively evaluated. Results indicate that at an increased air mass flow rate, thus with the enhanced heat exchange rate, locations of the maximum surface coking rate and the entire coking layer inside the fuel tube move upstream, but the peak coking layer thickness remains essentially unchanged. The coking layer thickness in the middle and downstream regions can be significantly reduced as the dissolved oxygen mass fraction is decreased, improving heat exchange process in the corresponding regions. Gradual accumulation of the surface coking layer leads to heat exchanger performance deterioration, and a linear relationship is found to exist between the nondimensionalized NTU and nondimensionalized ε in the studied cases.

Key words: Key words: Supercritical pressure, Air-fuel heat exchange, Thermal oxidative reactions, Surface coking, Numerical simulation

中图分类号:

V231.1+5

赵墨林袁渊孟华. 超临界压力煤油与高压空气逆流换热及热氧化结焦的长时间耦合特性研究[J]. 航空学报, doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2026.33290.

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主管单位：中国科学技术协会主办单位：中国航空学会北京航空航天大学

超临界压力煤油与高压空气逆流换热及热氧化结焦的长时间耦合特性研究

Long-term coupled characteristics of counter-flow heat exchange and thermal oxidative coking between supercritical-pressure kerosene and high-pressure air

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