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热化学非平衡流动自适应松弛耦合模拟方法

丁明松1,刘庆宗2,江涛1,李鹏1,梅杰1,傅杨奥骁1   

  1. 1. 中国空气动力研究与发展中心
    2. 中国空气动力研究与发展中心计算所
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-07 修回日期:2025-12-29 出版日期:2025-12-29 发布日期:2025-12-29
  • 通讯作者: 刘庆宗
  • 基金资助:
    国家数值风洞工程

Adaptive relaxation coupling simulation method for thermochemical nonequilibrium flow

Ming-Song DING1,Qing-Zong Liu2, Peng LI4,Jie MEI1,Yang-Ao-Xiao FU1   

  • Received:2025-11-07 Revised:2025-12-29 Online:2025-12-29 Published:2025-12-29
  • Contact: Qing-Zong Liu
  • Supported by:
    National Numerical Windtunnel

摘要: 高速飞行器热化学非平衡数值模拟效率一直都是工程应用的痛点问题之一。结合热化学非平衡流动模拟耗时分析,通过流场特征或迭代特征的捕捉与判断,建立了热化学非平衡流动自适应松弛耦合模拟方法,开展了不同参数不同物理化学模型、不同热化学非平衡流动特征下自适应松弛耦合模拟精准度与效率的测试分析。研究表明:当前条件下,非平衡源项及其矩阵、多组分气体能量函数与输运系数的计算耗时占比最高可达62.03%;基于耗时分析建立的自适应松弛耦合模拟方法,能显著提升数值模拟的计算效率,最高可提升84.16%。该方法优点在于:不会降低数值迭代的收敛性和准确性,具有全物理模型耦合模拟同等的计算保真度;无需动态改变计算域,无需逻辑结构或计算流程大幅调整,易于在各种静态或动态的软件构架体系上实现。该方法在物理化学模型精细时效果更为显著,能在一定程度上解决“复杂工程问题计算精准度和效率难以兼顾”的痛点。

关键词: 高速流动, 高温气体效应, 热化学非平衡, 自适应松弛耦合, 数值模拟

Abstract: The efficiency of numerical simulation of thermochemical non-equilibrium flow has always been one of the pain points in engineering applications. Based on the time-consuming analysis of thermochemical non-equilibrium flow simulation, an adaptive relaxation coupling simulation method of thermochemical non-equilibrium flow was established by capturing and judging the flow field characteristics or iterative characteristics. The accuracy and efficiency of this method were tested and analyzed under different physical and chemical models, as well as different thermochemical non-equilibrium flow characteristics. The results show that, the time-consuming ratio of non-equilibrium source term processing, multi-component gas energy function and transport coefficient calculation could reach 62.03% under the conditions of this paper. The computational efficiency of numerical simulation was significantly improved by using the adaptive relaxation coupling simulation method, which can be improved by up to 84.16%. This method does not reduce the convergence and accuracy of numerical iteration, and has the same calculation fidelity and accuracy as the coupling simulation method of full physical models. It can be easily implemented on various static or dynamic software architectures without changing the computational domain dynamically and greatly adjusting the logical structure or computational flow. This method is more effective in fine physical and chemical model, and can partly solve the difficulty of balancing computational accuracy and efficiency of complex engineering problems.

Key words: hypersonic flow, high temperature gas effect, thermochemical non-equilibrium, adaptive relaxation coupling, numerical simulation