关键词: 阵风减缓, 激光测风雷达, 前馈控制, 流固耦合, 阵风载荷

Abstract: Feedforward gust load control (GLC) suppresses gust responses by driving control surface deflections based on detected gust wind fields and prior knowledge. In this study, a LiDAR-based multi-point wind speed measurement method and a wind speed calculation algorithm considering aircraft motion were developed, enabling the measurement of vertical and horizontal wind speeds at various positions 30-70 meters ahead of a moving aircraft. Ground-based experiments on both static and dynamic platforms were conducted to verify the accuracy of the airborne LiDAR wind measurement system. Subsequently, a three-day continuous measurement of natural wind speeds over an open area (30-70m range) was performed using the LiDAR from a 10th-floor rooftop platform. The results indicate that while horizontal wind speed is continuous in time and transitions uniformly in space, vertical wind speed exhibits significant variations across both spatial and temporal scales. Evaluations of different spatiotemporal sampling strategies suggest that a higher temporal sampling rate yields a more accurate representation of the wind field. Based on the LiDAR-measured wind speeds, a fluid-structure interaction simulation for elastic wings was developed within a CFD environment, integrated with prior knowledge-driven feedforward GLC. Under four measured gust conditions, the feedforward GLC achieved reduction rates of 58.4% to 85.5% in terms of root mean square and peak values. For gust conditions characterized by intense fluctuations or high peak velocities, the feedforward control demonstrated robust mitigation effects. In contrast, feedback control struggled with latency or overshoot during rapid wind speed transitions.

Key words: Gust Alleviation, Lidar Wind Measurement, Feedforward Control, Fluid-Structure Interaction, Gust Load