航空学报 > 2023, Vol. 44 Issue (21): 529343-529343   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2023.29343

高超声速强预冷发动机热力循环研究进展

王一帆1, 邹正平1,2(), 陈懋章2,3   

  1. 1.北京航空航天大学 航空发动机研究院,北京 102206
    2.北京航空航天大学 航空发动机气动热力国防科技重点实验室,北京 100191
    3.北京航空航天大学 能源与动力工程学院,北京 100191
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-19 修回日期:2023-08-07 接受日期:2023-09-07 出版日期:2023-11-15 发布日期:2023-09-15
  • 通讯作者: 邹正平 E-mail:zouzhengping@buaa.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    航空发动机气动热力国防科技重点实验室基金(2022-JCJQ-LB-062-0204)

Progress in thermodynamic cycle research of hypersonic precooled engine

Yifan WANG1, Zhengping ZOU1,2(), Maozhang CHEN2,3   

  1. 1.Research Institute of Aero?Engine,Beihang University,Beijing 102206,China
    2.National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aero?Engine Aero?Thermodynamics,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China
    3.School of Energy and Power Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China
  • Received:2023-07-19 Revised:2023-08-07 Accepted:2023-09-07 Online:2023-11-15 Published:2023-09-15
  • Contact: Zhengping ZOU E-mail:zouzhengping@buaa.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    Foundation of National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aero-Engine Aero-Thermodynamics(2022-JCJQ-LB-062-0204)

摘要:

先进动力系统是水平起降、可重复使用高超声速飞行器的核心支撑,其中,高超声速强预冷发动机是一种极具潜力的动力方案,近年来受到广泛关注。深入研究强预冷发动机的热力循环,掌握发动机热力循环工作特性对发动机的方案设计至关重要。本文对近年来国内外在高超声速强预冷发动机热力循环方面的研究进展进行了综述,主要包括发动机热力循环建模分析方法、性能分析手段、典型强预冷发动机热力循环方案研究等。其中,根据热力循环方案的显著差异,分别介绍了开式直接预冷循环及中间介质闭式预冷热力循环。已有研究表明,对于开式直接预冷循环,燃料类型是决定其性能的根本,提升燃料的热沉是提升发动机性能的重要途径。对于中间介质闭式预冷热力循环,发动机的比冲、单位推力等性能与闭式循环系统的复杂性存在一定的矛盾。整体来看,需继续开展高超声速强预冷发动机核心部件的研究,提炼更加准确的部件性能模型,完善部件尺寸、重量等估算模型,实现对于发动机比冲、单位推力、推重比等整机性能参数的准确评估,支撑高可行性的高超声速强预冷发动机热力方案设计。

关键词: 高超声速, 强预冷发动机, 组合动力, 热力循环构型, 控制规律

Abstract:

Advanced propulsion systems serve as the fundamental support for the horizontal takeoff and landing reusable hypersonic vehicles, amongst which hypersonic precooled engines have garnered significant attention in recent years due to its high potential. Therefore, it is crucial to conduct an in-depth investigation into the thermodynamic cycle of precooled engines and acquire a deep understanding of its working characteristics. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the domestic and overseas progress in the thermodynamic cycle of hypersonic precooled engines. The review encompasses various aspects, such as the modeling and analysis methods employed for engine thermodynamic cycle, the performance analysis methods, and the typical thermodynamic cycle schemes of precooled engines. Specifically, the open-loop direct precooled cycle and the closed-loop indirect precooled thermodynamic cycle with intermediate medium are introduced due to their marked differences. The research shows that for open-looped direct precooled cycle, fuel type is fundamental in determining its performance, and improving the heat sink of fuel is an important way to improve engine performance. As for closed-loop indirect precooled thermodynamic cycle with intermediate medium, there are some contradictions between the engine performance (specific impulse, specific thrust, etc.) and the complexity of closed cycle. Overall, it is necessary to continue the study on the key components of hypersonic precooled engines, refine more accurate component performance models, and improve component size, weight and other estimation models, in order to achieve accurate evaluation of engine specific impulse, specific thrust, thrust-to-weight ratio and other overall performance parameters, and then support the highly feasible thermodynamic scheme design of hypersonic precooled engines.

Key words: hypersonic, precooled engine, combined power, thermodynamic cycle layout, control law

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