Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (17): 331799.doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.31799
• Electronics and Electrical Engineering and Control • Previous Articles Next Articles
Received:2025-01-13
Revised:2025-03-26
Accepted:2025-04-28
Online:2025-05-12
Published:2025-05-08
Contact:
Yiquan WU
E-mail:nuaaimage@163.com
Supported by:CLC Number:
Xiaowei JIANG, Yiquan WU. Research progress of UAV aerial image mosaic methods[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2025, 46(17): 331799.
Table 3
Comparison of Harris algorithm related mosaic methods
| 文献 | 具体方法 | 优势 | 局限性 | 性能指标 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| [ | 改进Harris | 提升拼接准确性 减少拼接时间 | 未说明算法在不同光照条件下的表现 | 时间:3.56 s CMR:80.9% |
| [ | 改进Harris | 提高拼接速度、鲁棒性和自适应程度 | 未验证算法在实际复杂场景中的性能表现 | CMR:96.85% 匹配时间:7.98 s |
| [ | Harris结合SURF | 提高图像匹配效率和准确性 | 未提及算法对噪声和复杂场景的鲁棒性 | 匹配时间:0.98 s |
| [ | Harris结合自适应NMS | 减少特征检测时间 提升拼接速度 | 未讨论算法在大规模图像数据上的应用效率 | 时间:81.5 s |
Table 4
Comparison of SIFT algorithm related mosaic methods
| 文献 | 具体方法 | 优势 | 局限性 | 性能指标 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| [ | GA-SIFT算法 | 减少了拼接时间 提高了匹配精度 | 对于高动态变化环境的适应性未进行深入探讨 | 匹配时间:12.21 s |
| [ | 分块SIFT | 提高匹配效率 有效消除接缝 | 未评估拼接图像质量 | 时间:11.17 s |
| [ | CUDA-SIFT | 实现实时高效拼接 | 算法性能会受到光照条件或图像质量影响 | SSIM:96.84% PSNR:35.95 dB 时间:62 s |
| [ | SIFT结合球面投影 | 解决全景图像定位和测量问题 | 未考虑算法在不同地形和光照条件下的鲁棒性 | 未采用常见性能指标 |
| [ | SIFT结合POS数据 | 提高拼接实时性和质量 | 未讨论算法在复杂环境下的准确性和鲁棒性 | PSNR:10.152 2 dB |
Table 5
Comparison of SURF algorithm related mosaic methods
| 文献 | 具体方法 | 优势 | 局限性 | 性能指标 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| [ | 改进SURF | 较高的匹配率、准确性和鲁棒性 | 较高的计算复杂性和资源消耗 | 时间:1.34 s CMR:99.9% RMSE:0.648 |
| [ | SURF结合球形变换 | 提高了实时性和鲁棒性 | 处理具有大视差或高动态范围图像时存在局限性 | 时间:1.72 s |
| [ | IB-SURF | 提高了匹配率和正确率 | 处理小色差、非规则形状或高动态范围的图像时效果不佳 | 提取时间:1.68 s 匹配时间:0.41 s |
| [ | SURF结合倒二叉树 | 显著提高拼接速度 | 依赖硬件性能 | 时间:167.93 s |
| [ | SURF结合K-d树 | 减少处理时间 实现自动实时拼接 | 只能处理等高度飞行条件下拍摄的图片 | 配准时间:1.1 ms |
| [ | SURF | 利用图像拼接实现无人机定位 | 在图像特征点较少或质量较差情况下效果受限 | 主观评价 |
Table 6
Comparison of ORB algorithm related mosaic methods
| 文献 | 具体方法 | 优势 | 局限性 | 性能指标 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| [ | ORB | 较高的准确性和效率 | 处理大规模或高动态范围图像时效果有限 | 时间:0.108 s |
| [ | ORB结合PCA | 显著提升速度和准确性 | 需要相应的GPU硬件支持 | 时间:2.72 s RMSE:0.48 |
| [ | 改进ORB | 提高拼接速度和精度 | 受地理信息精度影响 | 时间:0.68 s |
| [ | 改进ORB | 具有稳健性和尺度不变性 | 算法效率有待提升 | 特征提取时间:0.510 ms CMR:96.485% 匹配时间:0.608 1 s RMSE:0.561 |
| [ | 改进ORB | 提高拼接精度和效率 | 实时性有待提升 | CMR:90.295% 时间:2.87 s |
Table 9
Comparison of APAP algorithm related mosaic methods
| 文献 | 具体方法 | 优势 | 局限性 | 性能指标 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| [ | APAP结合SIFT | 减少影像重影和透视失真 | 未讨论算法在处理动态场景或实时数据时的性能 | 未采用常见性能指标 |
| [ | APAP结合线段矫正 | 保护图像中独特的线段结构 | 未讨论对复杂地形的适应性 | mRMSE:1.07 |
| [ | APAP结合直线特征约束 | 减少重叠区域鬼影和非重叠区域失真 | 算法效率随图像中直线结构增加而降低 | 时间:33.23 s |
| [ | APAP结合AKAZE | 视差环境下效果良好 | 未进行不同飞行条件下的适应性分析 | PSNR:14.40 dB SSIM:32.54% RMSE:1.56 |
Table 16
Comparison of image registration techniques based on deep learning
| 文献 | 具体方法 | 优势 | 局限性 | 性能指标 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| [ | SuperPoint网络结合矩阵迭代算法 | 显著提高拼接速度和精度 | 仅适用于公路环境 | CMR:71% IE:7.45 |
| [ | SuperPoint、SuperGlue | 实现高光谱图像拼接 | 对同质区域的光谱矫正不够精确 | SSIM:95.18% 时间:98.56 s |
| [ | 孪生特征提取网络 | 实现弱纹理图像的特征提取 | 对大视差图像的效果有待验证 | SSIM:75.3% RMSE:0.538 |
| [ | MLP | 平衡拼接速度和精度 | 依赖于高精度的位置和姿态信息 | 配准时间:12.37 ms |
| [ | ResNet-50 | 无需额外训练 不依赖图像特征 | 环境变化情况下的性能有待验证 | RMSE:0.973 5 时间:179.928 9 s |
| [ | CNN | 提高结构相似性指数和边缘差异谱指数 | 复杂场景下的性能需进一步提升 | 未采用常见性能指标 |
Table 18
Public UAV aerial photography dataset
| 名称 | 图像总数 | 图像大小 | 内容 |
|---|---|---|---|
| DOTA | 2 806 | 800×800~4 000×4 000 | 来自大型飞机、无人机的遥感图像,包含15个类别的物体,包括飞机,轮船,储罐,棒球场等 |
| VEDIA | 1 210 | 512×512,1 024×1 024 | 包含9个类别,主要包括飞机、汽车、卡车等 |
| NWPU | 31 500 | 256×256 | 涵盖45个场景类别,包括机场、海滩、森林等 |
| DIOR | 23 463 | 800×800 | 不同天气、不同季节下多个类别的航拍图像,包括飞机、机场、桥梁等 |
| UAV-VisLoc | 6 742 | 未提及 | 包含多种地貌特征、多高度多角度的无人机图像 |
Table 19
Self-built UAV aerial image dataset
| 文献 | 图像总数 | 图像大小 | 内容 |
|---|---|---|---|
| [ | 92 | 4 000×3 000 | 包括湖面、河道和沿湖村庄 |
| [ | 275 | 3 000×4 000 | 包含湖边、喷泉、小区、公路和公园5个地面场景 |
| [ | 116 | 6 000×4 000 | 采用无人机携带20 mm焦距镜头对台湾台东县柳榆山进行航拍得到 |
| [ | 37 | 1 210×902 | 黑龙江省某农田环境 |
| [ | 635 | 未提及 | 包括森林、山川、农田、水域、城市建设和道路信息图像 |
| [ | 23 | 5 456×3 632 | 单面风机叶片图像 |
| [ | 104 | 5 478×3 648 | 每张图像都带有GPS、IMU等信息,目标景观包括但不限于草地、道路、水面等 |
| [ | 500 | 未提及 | 包括山地、水域、建筑等多种目标 |
| [ | 300 | 7 952×5 304 | 某水稻研究院及其周边地区的农田环境 |
| [ | 500 | 2 688×1 512 | 具有代表性的路面裂纹图像 |
Table 22
Summary of application of UAV aerial image mosaic technology
| 应用领域 | 具体说明 |
|---|---|
| 军事侦察 | 利用无人机航拍图像拼接技术得到的战场全景图像可以帮助指挥人员了解战场动态,获取敌方情报,做出战略决策 |
| 农业信息检测 | 将无人机航拍得到的多张农田图像借助图像拼接技术整合成农田全景视图,助力精准农业管理和农情信息分析 |
| 城市规划与管理 | 无人机航拍图像拼接技术在城市规划中可于空间布局规划、环境监测与保护,提供城市空间的高精度测绘和实时数据支持 |
| 灾害救援与环境监测 | 无人机航拍图像拼接技术可用于获取灾情现场的详细信息,实现快速评估灾情,监测环境状况,为救援团队提供关键信息 |
| 设备巡检 | 借助无人机航拍图像拼接技术可以快速设检测基础设施的损坏情况,提高巡检效率和安全性 |
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