低雷诺数分布式螺旋桨滑流气动影响

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2016.0032

流体力学与飞行力学

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低雷诺数分布式螺旋桨滑流气动影响

王科雷^1,2, 祝小平², 周洲^1,2, 王红波^1,2

1. 西北工业大学航空学院, 西安 710072;
2. 西北工业大学无人机特种技术重点实验室, 西安 710065

收稿日期:2015-09-29 修回日期:2015-11-20 出版日期:2016-09-15 发布日期:2016-01-28
通讯作者: 周洲女, 教授, 博士生导师。主要研究方向:飞行器总体设计、气动布局设计。 Tel.: 029-88453368 E-mail: zhouzhou@nwpu.edu.cn E-mail:zhouzhou@nwpu.edu.cn
作者简介:王科雷男, 博士研究生。主要研究方向:飞行器总体设计、气动布局设计。 Tel.: 029-88453368 E-mail: ak203201@163.com
基金资助:
陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划（S2015TQGY0061）

Distributed electric propulsion slipstream aerodynamic effects at low Reynolds number

WANG Kelei^1,2, ZHU Xiaoping², ZHOU Zhou^1,2, WANG Hongbo^1,2

1. College of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China;
2. Science and Technology on UAV Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710065, China

Received:2015-09-29 Revised:2015-11-20 Online:2016-09-15 Published:2016-01-28
Supported by:
Science and Technology Innovation Project of Shaanxi Province (S2015TQGY0061)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以高空长航时（HALE）太阳能无人机（UAVs）研究为背景，采用基于混合网格技术及k-k_L-ω转捩模型求解雷诺平均Navier-Stokes（RANS）方程的多重参考系（MRF）方法，对3种螺旋桨-机翼构型的低雷诺数气动特性进行了高精度准定常数值模拟，在等拉力前提条件下，通过对比机翼气动力系数及表面流场结构特征分析了分布式螺旋桨（DEP）滑流对FX63-137机翼的气动影响。研究表明：螺旋桨滑流影响使得桨后总压及流速显著增大，这是机翼升力增大的主要原因，但同时机翼阻力特性急剧恶化，升阻比反而降低；螺旋桨滑流向机翼边界层内注入丰富湍动能从而抑制流动分离，扩大机翼表面湍流范围及附着流动区域；分布式螺旋桨滑流与低雷诺数机翼表面复杂流动相互作用显著，主要表现为滑流区域边界展向涡结构的产生。

关键词: 高空长航时, 太阳能无人机, 混合网格, 转捩模型, 多重参考系, 低雷诺数, 分布式螺旋桨, 层流分离泡

Abstract:

Based on the research of the high altitude long endurance (HALE) solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), the low Reynolds aerodynamic properties of three different propeller-wing configurations are numerically simulated by quasi-steadily solving the Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations of multiple reference frames (MRF) based on the hybrid grid technology and k-k_L-ω transition model. Under the request of equal thrust, the distributed electric propulsion (DEP) slipstream effects on the FX 63-137 wing are analyzed by the comparison of the aerodynamic forces and flow characteristics between different configurations. It shows that the application of DEP is supposed to improve the lift property but to worsen the drag property heavily, which is mainly due to the increase of the flow speed and total pressure; the propeller slipstream helps expand the area of turbulent adherent flow by bringing turbulent energy into the boundary layer to sustain strong adverse pressure gradient; the appearance of vortex structures at the boundaries of slipstream regions indicates that multiple propellers' slipstream regions strongly interact with the flow field on the wing at low Reynolds numbers.

Key words: high altitude long endurance, solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicles, hybrid grid, transition model, multiple reference frame, low Reynolds number, distributed electric propulsion, laminar separation bubble

中图分类号:

V211

王科雷, 祝小平, 周洲, 王红波. 低雷诺数分布式螺旋桨滑流气动影响[J]. 航空学报, 2016, 37(9): 2669-2678.

WANG Kelei, ZHU Xiaoping, ZHOU Zhou, WANG Hongbo. Distributed electric propulsion slipstream aerodynamic effects at low Reynolds number[J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2016, 37(9): 2669-2678.

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E-mail：hkxb@buaa.edu.cn

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低雷诺数分布式螺旋桨滑流气动影响

Distributed electric propulsion slipstream aerodynamic effects at low Reynolds number

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