张阳1,2, 韩忠华1,2(
), 张科施1,2, 宋科1,2, 宋文萍1,2
收稿日期:2025-04-02
修回日期:2025-05-30
接受日期:2025-07-10
出版日期:2025-07-28
发布日期:2025-10-30
通讯作者:
韩忠华
E-mail:hanzh@nwpu.edu.cn
基金资助:
Yang ZHANG1,2, Zhonghua HAN1,2(
), Keshi ZHANG1,2, Ke SONG1,2, Wenping SONG1,2
Received:2025-04-02
Revised:2025-05-30
Accepted:2025-07-10
Online:2025-07-28
Published:2025-10-30
Contact:
Zhonghua HAN
E-mail:hanzh@nwpu.edu.cn
Supported by:摘要:
宽速域气动设计是水平起降空天飞机研制的瓶颈问题之一。空天飞机在全包线飞行过程中经历极宽的速域和极广的空域,不同速域下的飞行动压存在量级上的差异;飞行器匹配自身重力所需的升力面大小存在显著不同,使得气动布局设计过程中升力匹配设计存在很大挑战。在优先满足低速起飞升力设计要求时,高速飞行的设计升力状态会显著偏离其最大升阻比状态,导致可用升阻比不足。首先,结合空天飞机宽域飞行环境,分析了水平起降空天飞机宽速域升力匹配设计需求。其次,发展了一种考虑升力匹配的全局气动优化设计方法,并针对Sanger空天飞机载机的机翼开展了考虑升力匹配的机翼平面及剖面外形气动优化设计研究,优化机翼在满足起飞升力约束的前提下,在超声速和高超声速状态下的可用升阻比分别提升了20.00%和8.12%,显著缓解了高速可用升阻比不足的难题。最后,开展了机体干扰下考虑升力匹配的机翼平面外形优化设计,验证了发展的方法在全机构型下的适用性。
中图分类号:
张阳, 韩忠华, 张科施, 宋科, 宋文萍. 考虑升力匹配的高超飞行器气动布局优化设计[J]. 航空学报, 2026, 47(1): 632064.
Yang ZHANG, Zhonghua HAN, Keshi ZHANG, Ke SONG, Wenping SONG. Aerodynamic design optimization of hypersonic vehicles considering lift matching[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2026, 47(1): 632064.
表8
基准机翼与优化机翼的宽速域气动性能对比
| 参数 | 机翼 | Ma=0.3, H=0 km, α=10° | Ma=2.0, H=10 km | Ma=6.0, H=25 km |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 升力/t | 基准 | 64.30 | 54.60 | 45.00 |
| Opt-1 | 64.16 | 54.60 | 45.00 | |
| 升力相对变化/% | -0.19 | 0 | 0 | |
| 阻力/t | 基准 | 10.75 | 12.27 | 6.67 |
| Opt-1 | 10.15 | 10.88 | 6.61 | |
| 阻力相对变化/% | -5.58 | -11.33 | -2.36 | |
| 升阻比 | 基准 | 5.98 | 4.45 | 6.65 |
| Opt-1 | 6.32 | 5.02 | 6.81 | |
| 升阻比相对变化/% | +5.69 | +12.81 | +2.41 | |
| 升力系数 | 基准 | 0.447 9 | 0.032 58 | 0.031 00 |
| Opt-1 | 0.736 5 | 0.053 55 | 0.050 93 | |
| 升力系数相对变化/% | +64.25 | +64.36 | +64.29 | |
| 阻力系数 | 基准 | 0.074 81 | 0.007 315 | 0.004 662 |
| Opt-1 | 0.116 5 | 0.010 68 | 0.007 479 | |
| 阻力系数相对变化/% | +55.35 | +46.00 | +60.42 |
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