考虑排放影响的飞机多学科优化设计

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2016.0203

固体力学与飞行器总体设计

本期目录 | 过刊浏览 | 高级检索

前一篇 | 后一篇

考虑排放影响的飞机多学科优化设计

刘楠溪¹, 白俊强¹, 华俊², 郭斌¹, 王晓鹏³

1. 西北工业大学航空学院, 西安 710072;
2. 中国航空研究院, 北京 100012;
3. 上海机电工程研究所, 上海 201109

收稿日期:2016-04-20 修回日期:2016-06-27 出版日期:2017-01-15 发布日期:2016-08-15
通讯作者: 白俊强,E-mail:junqiang@nwpu.edu.cn E-mail:junqiang@nwpu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家级项目

Multidisciplinary design optimization incorporating aircraft emission impacts

LIU Nanxi¹, BAI Junqiang¹, HUA Jun², GUO Bin¹, WANG Xiaopeng³

1. School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China;
2. Chinese Aeronautical Establishment, Beijing 100012, China;
3. Shanghai Electro-Mechanical Engineering Institute, Shanghai 201109, China

Received:2016-04-20 Revised:2016-06-27 Online:2017-01-15 Published:2016-08-15
Supported by:
National Level Project

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着民用航空运输业的发展，飞机对气候环境的影响越来越受到重视。为了满足未来飞机设计中经济性和环保性等指标，有必要在飞机概念设计阶段综合考虑成本和排放的影响。本文使用全球平均温度变化作为衡量飞机排放对气候影响的标准，分析了飞机巡航高度和速度对于排放物的影响。进一步，通过整合气动、重量、成本和排放等学科模型，建立了飞机概念设计阶段的多学科优化框架。基于该优化框架，以机翼平面形状、飞行速度和高度等参数为优化变量，分别以排放最小和成本最低为目标，进行了单目标和多目标优化设计研究。Pareto最优前沿的优化结果显示，单位排放成本的高低会影响成本相对于排放性能的变化趋势。

关键词: 飞机排放, 运营成本, 优化设计, 平均温度变化, 排放社会成本

Abstract:

Continuous increase in air traffic has caused a rise in public awareness of environmental impact of aircrafts, imposing the demand to satisfy the emission requirements for future aircraft concept design and development. In this paper, the average temperature variation is calculated to measure the environmental performance of different aircraft designs. It is firstly used to analyze the effects of cruise altitude and speed variation on the magnitudes of climate impact due to different aircraft emissions, and is then integrated into an aircraft design optimization framework at the conceptual stage, so as to optimize the minimum emission impacts and operating costs. The design variables considered in the optimization problems include aircraft configurations, engine parameters and cruise settings. Additionally, the impact of emission cost on the tradeoffs between economic and environmental performance are reflected on the Pareto-optimal front.

Key words: aircraft emission, operating cost, optimization design, average temperature variation, social cost of emission

中图分类号:

V221⁺.6

刘楠溪, 白俊强, 华俊, 郭斌, 王晓鹏. 考虑排放影响的飞机多学科优化设计[J]. 航空学报, 2017, 38(1): 220340-220340.

LIU Nanxi, BAI Junqiang, HUA Jun, GUO Bin, WANG Xiaopeng. Multidisciplinary design optimization incorporating aircraft emission impacts[J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2017, 38(1): 220340-220340.

参考文献

[1] PENNER J E. Aviation and the global atmosphere:A special report of IPCC Working Groups I and Ⅲ in collaboration with the Scientific Assessment Panel to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer[M]. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, 1999:18-20.
[2] FAN A. An assessment of environmental impacts of a NextGen implementation scenario and its implications on policy-making[D]. Cambridge:Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010:54-55.
[3] 闫国华, 吴鹏. 飞机完整航线二氧化碳排放量估算[J]. 装备制造技术, 2013(8):29-31. YAN G H, WU P. The aircraft the complete routes CO₂ emissions estimate[J]. Equipment Manufacturing Technology, 2013(8):29-31(in Chinese).
[4] WUEBBLES D J, YANG H, HERMAN R. Climate metrics and aviation:Analysis of current understanding and uncertainties:Technical Report Theme 8[R]. Washington, D.C.:FAA Aviation Climate Change Research Initiative (ACCRI), 2008.
[5] HOUGHTON J T, JENKINS G J, EPHRAUMS J J. Climate change:The IPCC scientific assessment[M]. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, 1990:364-366.
[6] SMITH S J, WIGLEY M L. Global warming potentials:1. Climatic implications of emissions reductions[J]. Climatic Change, 2000, 44(4):445-457.
[7] BERNTSEN T K, FUGLESTVEDT J S, JOSHI M M, et al. Response of climate to regional emissions of ozone precursors:Sensitivities and warming potentials[J]. Tellus Series B:Chemical & Physical Meteorology, 2005, 57B:283-304.
[8] SHINE K P, FUGLESTVEDT J S, HAILEMARIAM K, et al. Alternatives to the global warming potential for comparing climate impacts of emissions of greenhouse gases[J]. Climatic Change, 2005, 68(3):281-302.
[9] LEE D S, FAHEY D W, FORSTER P M, et al. Aviation and global climate change in the 21st century[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2009, 43(22-23):3520-3537.
[10] FUGLESTVEDT J S, SHINE K P, BERNTSEN T, et al. Transport impacts on atmosphere and climate:Metrics[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2010, 44(37):4648-4677.
[11] LIM L, LEE D S, SAUSEN R, et al. Quantifying the effects of aviation on radiative forcing and temperature with a climate response model[C]//Proceedings of the TAC-Conference. Oxford:TAC, 2007:202-207.
[12] SAUSEN R, SCHUMANN U. Estimates of the climate response to aircraft CO₂ and NO_x emissions scenarios[J]. Climatic Change, 2000, 44(1-2):27-58.
[13] MARAIS K, LUKACHKO S P, JUN M, et al. Assessing the impact of aviation on climate[J]. Meteorologische Zeitschrift, 2008, 17(2):157-172.
[14] GREWE V, STENKE A. AirClim:An efficient tool for climate evaluation of aircraft technology[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics, 2008, 8(16):4621-4639.
[15] PONATER M, PECHTL S, SAUSEN R, et al. Potential of the cryoplane technology to reduce aircraft climate impact:A state-of-the-art assessment[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2006, 40(36):6928-6944.
[16] ANTOINE N E, KROO I M. Framework for aircraft conceptual design and environmental performance studies[J]. AIAA Journal, 2005, 43(10):2100-2109.
[17] HENDERSON R P, MARTINS J R R A, PEREZ R E. Aircraft conceptual design for optimal environmental performance[J]. Aeronautical Journal, 2012, 116(1175):1-22.
[18] 王宇, 张帅. 面向客机概念设计的污染气体排放量估算方法[J]. 南京航空航天大学学报, 2013, 45(5):708-714. WANG Y, ZHANG S. Estimation method of pollutant gas emissions for civil jet conceptual design[J]. Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, 2013, 45(5):708-714(in Chinese).
[19] WANG Y, YIN H, ZHANG S, et al. Multi-objective optimization of aircraft design for emission and cost reductions[J]. Chinese Journal of Aeronautics, 2014, 27(1):52-58.
[20] 王如华, 尹贵鲁, 何景武, 等. 快速CFD计算工具在民机概念优化设计中的应用[J]. 飞机设计, 2012(5):31-35. WANG R H, YIN G L, HE J W, et al. Fast CFD tool for civil aircraft conceptual design and optimization use[J]. Aircraft Design, 2012(5):31-35(in Chinese).
[21] 巨龙, 白俊强, 孙智伟, 等. 客机机翼环量分布的气动/结构一体化设计[J]. 航空学报, 2013, 34(12):2725-2732. JU L, BAI J Q, SUN Z W, et al. Integrated aero-structure design of circulation distribution for commercial aircraft wing[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2013, 34(12):2725-2732(in Chinese).
[22] BAUGHCUM S L, TRITZ T G, HENDERSON S C, et al. Scheduled civil aircraft emission inventories for 1992:Database development and analysis:NASA Contractor Report 4700[R]. Washington, D.C.:NASA, 1996.
[23] ISIKVEREN A T. Quasi-analytical modelling and optimisation techniques for transport aircraft design[D]. Stockholm:Royal Institute of Technology, 2002:105-108.
[24] DALLARA S E. Aircraft design for reduced climate impact[D]. Palo Alto, CA:Stanford University, 2011:1-20.
[25] MORRELL P, LU C. The environmental cost implication of hub-hub versus hub by-pass flight networks[J]. Transportation Research Part D:Transport & Environment, 2007, 12(3):143-157.
[26] JOOS F, PRENTICE I C, SITCH S, et al. Global warming feedbacks on terrestrial carbon uptake under the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) emission scenarios[J]. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 2001, 15(4):891-907.
[27] BOUCHER O, REDDY M S. Climate trade-off between black carbon and carbon dioxide emissions[J]. Energy Policy, 2008, 36(1):193-200.
[28] SAUSEN R, ISAKSEN I, GREWE V, et al. Aviation radiative forcing in 2000:An update on IPCC (1999)[J]. Meteorologische Zeitschrift, 2005, 14(4):555-561.
[29] STORDAL F, MYHRE G, STORDAL E J G, et al. Is there a trend in cirrus cloud cover due to aircraft traffic?[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics, 2005, 5(4):2155-2162.
[30] KOEHLER M O, RADEL G, DESSENS O, et al. Impact of perturbations to nitrogen oxide emissions from global aviation[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 2008, 113(D11):3078-3078.
[31] RADEL G, SHINE K P. Radiative forcing by persistent contrails and its dependence on cruise altitudes[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 2008, 113(D7):1829-1836.
[32] GREWE V, STENKE A, PONATER M, et al. Climate impact of supersonic air traffic:An approach to optimize a potential future supersonic fleet-Results from the EU-project SCENIC[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2007, 7(19):5129-5145.
[33] 廖琳雪, 叶叶沛, 党铁红. 欧洲市场直接运营成本(DOC)分析方法及其应用[J]. 民用飞机设计与研究, 2013(1):1-4. LIAO L X, YE Y P, DANG T H. The method and application of the DOC analysis in European market[J]. Civil Aircraft Design and Research, 2013(1):1-4(in Chinese).
[34] FORSTER P, FRECKLETON R S, SHINE K P. On aspects of the concept of radiative forcing[J]. Climate Dynamics, 1997, 13(7-8):547-560.
[35] FICHTER C. Climate impact of air traffic emissions in dependency of the emission location and altitude[D]. Manchester:Manchester Metropolitan University, 2009:25-26.
[36] GIERENS K M, LING L, ELEFTHERATOS K, et al. A review of various strategies for contrail avoidance[J]. Open Atmospheric Science Journal, 2008, 2(1):1-7.
[37] JENSEN L, HANSMAN R J, VENUTI J, et al. Commercial airline speed optimization strategies for reduced cruise fuel consumption[C]//Aviation Technology, Integration, and Operations Conference. Reston:AIAA, 2013:4289-4302.
[38] CRAMER E J, DENNIS J J, FRANK P D, et al. Problem formulation for multidisciplinary optimization[J]. SIAM Journal on Optimization, 1994, 4(4):754-776.
[39] 王宇. 基于不确定性的优化方法及其在飞机设计中的应用[D]. 南京:南京航空航天大学, 2010:19-20. WANG Y. Uncertainty-based optimization method and its application in aircraft design[D]. Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2010:19-20(in Chinese).
[40] 丁松滨. 飞行性能与飞行计划[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2013:93-96. DING S B. Flight performance and flight plan[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 2013:93-96(in Chinese).

E-mail：hkxb@buaa.edu.cn

关于我们

期刊社服务

专业学科

封面文章

友情链接

主管单位：中国科学技术协会主办单位：中国航空学会北京航空航天大学

考虑排放影响的飞机多学科优化设计

Multidisciplinary design optimization incorporating aircraft emission impacts

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	王梓旭, 李攀, 鲁可, 朱振华, 陈仁良. 共轴刚性旋翼高速直升机配平策略优化设计[J]. 航空学报, 2024, 45(9): 529069-529069.
[2]	贾文斌, 方磊, 张根, 史剑, 何泽侃, 宣海军. CNT树脂基复合材料断裂韧性的优化设计[J]. 航空学报, 2024, 45(7): 428971-428971.
[3]	骆燕燕, 杨硕, 潘晓松, 赵绪怀, 张莉. 航空用高速连接器信号反射抑制与优化设计[J]. 航空学报, 2024, 45(7): 328937-328937.
[4]	戴今钊, 陈海昕. 流场波系引导的三维消波翼优化设计方法[J]. 航空学报, 2024, 45(6): 628942-628942.
[5]	陈树生, 贾苜梁, 刘衍旭, 高正红, 向星皓. 变体飞行器变形方式及气动布局设计关键技术研究进展[J]. 航空学报, 2024, 45(6): 629595-629595.
[6]	王四季, 张羽薇, 黄开明, 吕彪, 赵海凤, 王虎, 廖明夫. 基于改进粒子群算法的直升机动力涡轮转子系统优化方法[J]. 航空学报, 2024, 45(1): 228608-228608.
[7]	杨倩, 郑皓冉, 程显达, 董威. 基于引气控制的热气防冰优化设计方法[J]. 航空学报, 2023, 44(S2): 729285-729285.
[8]	张卫红, 周涵, 李韶英, 朱继宏, 周璐. 航天高性能薄壁构件的材料-结构一体化设计综述[J]. 航空学报, 2023, 44(9): 627428-627428.
[9]	陈艺夫, 马宇航, 蓝庆生, 孙卫平, 史亚云, 杨体浩, 白俊强. 基于多项式混沌法的翼型不确定性分析及梯度优化设计[J]. 航空学报, 2023, 44(8): 127446-127446.
[10]	赵欢, 高正红, 夏露. 基于新型高维代理模型的气动外形设计方法[J]. 航空学报, 2023, 44(5): 126924-126924.
[11]	刘超宇, 屈峰, 孙迪, 刘传振, 钱战森, 白俊强. 基于离散伴随的高超声速密切锥乘波体气动优化设计[J]. 航空学报, 2023, 44(4): 126664-126664.
[12]	包为民. 可重复使用运载火箭技术发展综述[J]. 航空学报, 2023, 44(23): 629555-629555.
[13]	何佳琦, 吴伟达, 罗阳军. 基于P-CS模型与数字孪生的星载天线反射器形面鲁棒性控制方法[J]. 航空学报, 2023, 44(19): 328343-328343.
[14]	田洁华, 孙迪, 屈峰, 白俊强. 基于CST⁃GAN的翼型参数化方法[J]. 航空学报, 2023, 44(18): 128280-128280.
[15]	王晨, 杨洋, 沈星, 夏育颖. 用于变体飞行器的波纹板等效强度模型及其优化设计[J]. 航空学报, 2022, 43(6): 526146-526146.