航空学报 > 2024, Vol. 45 Issue (20): 29946-029946   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2024.29946

无人机仿鸟群协同控制发展现状及关键技术

何明1,2(), 陈浩天1, 韩伟1, 邓成3, 段海滨4   

  1. 1.中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 指挥控制工程学院,南京 210007
    2.中国人民解放军32180部队,北京 100071
    3.西安电子科技大学 电子工程学院,西安 710126
    4.北京航空航天大学 自动化科学与电气工程学院,北京 100191
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-06 修回日期:2023-12-27 接受日期:2024-03-15 出版日期:2024-03-28 发布日期:2024-03-25
  • 通讯作者: 何明 E-mail:heming@aeu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(62273356);国家人才项目(2022-JCJQ-ZQ-001);江苏省重点研发计划(BE2021729);高层次人才创新工程(KYZYJQJY2101)

Development status and key technologies of cooperative control of bird-inspired UAV swarms

Ming HE1,2(), Haotian CHEN1, Wei HAN1, Cheng DENG3, Haibin DUAN4   

  1. 1.Command and Control Engineering College,Army Engineering University of PLA,Nanjing 210007,China
    2.Troops 32180 of PLA,Beijing 100071,China
    3.School of Electronic Engineering,Xidian University,Xi’an 710126,China
    4.School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China
  • Received:2023-12-06 Revised:2023-12-27 Accepted:2024-03-15 Online:2024-03-28 Published:2024-03-25
  • Contact: Ming HE E-mail:heming@aeu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(62273356);National Talent Project of China(2022-JCJQ-ZQ-001);Provincial Primary Research & Development Plan of Jiangsu(BE2021729);High-level Talents Innovation Project(KYZYJQJY2101)

摘要:

无人机(UAV)集群已在灾害救援、侦察监视、反恐维稳等领域得到了广泛应用,以“集群智能”技术为主的高度自主智能化无人机集群已成为世界各国的关注热点。鸟群具有高自主性和鲁棒性的特点,仿鸟群智能行为,将其行为规律映射到无人机集群系统,是解决无人机集群协同控制难题的重要手段。为更好指导无人机集群技术及理论创新,对无人机仿鸟群协同控制发展现状、关键技术和未来发展展开综述。首先,介绍国内外无人机集群典型项目及主要进展;其次,从内部结构—交互方式—行为机制3个层次梳理鸟群研究现状,总结了仿鸟群分层控制、仿鸟群交互控制和仿鸟群行为控制3项无人机仿鸟群协同控制关键技术及面临的挑战;再次,面向无人机集群协同控制发展需求,提出无人机仿鸟群行为相变控制技术;最后,展望无人机仿鸟群协同控制未来趋势,以期为未来无人机集群发展提供思路和依据。

关键词: 无人机集群, 仿鸟群, 协同控制, 行为机制, 相变

Abstract:

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) swarms have been widely used in disaster relief, reconnaissance and surveillance, anti-terrorism and stability maintenance and many other fields, and highly autonomous intelligent UAV swarms based on “swarm intelligence” have become a hot spot all over the world. Birds have the characteristics of high autonomy and robustness; therefore, it is an important way to solve the cooperative control problems of UAVS swarms by mapping the birds’ behavior rules to UAVS swarm systems. In order to better guide the innovation of technology and theory of UAV swarms, this paper summarizes the research status, key technologies and future development of cooperative control of bird-inspired UAV swarms. Firstly, typical projects and main progress of UAV swarms at home and abroad are introduced. Secondly, the development status of bird flocks is reviewed from three levels: internal structures, interaction rules and behavior mechanisms. Besides, the research status and challenges of cooperative control of bird-inspired UAV swarms is summarized and analyzed in bird-inspired hierarchical control, bird-inspired interaction control and bird-inspired behavior control, respectively. Then, for the future development of cooperative control of UAV swarms, a new technology, which is called phase transition control of swarm behavior for bird-inspired UAV swarms, is proposed. Finally, the trend of cooperative control of bird-inspired UAV swarms is prospected, to provide ideas and basis for the development of UAV swarms in the future.

Key words: UAV swarm, bird-inspired, cooperative control, behavior mechanism, phase transition

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