收稿日期:
2022-04-08
修回日期:
2022-05-06
接受日期:
2022-05-30
出版日期:
2023-04-25
发布日期:
2022-06-08
通讯作者:
侯中喜
E-mail:hzx@nudt.edu.cn
基金资助:
Xianzhong GAO, Xiaolong DENG, Yujie WANG, Zheng GUO, Zhongxi HOU()
Received:
2022-04-08
Revised:
2022-05-06
Accepted:
2022-05-30
Online:
2023-04-25
Published:
2022-06-08
Contact:
Zhongxi HOU
E-mail:hzx@nudt.edu.cn
Supported by:
摘要:
临近空间太阳能飞机是低速临近空间飞行器中一种极具发展潜力的技术途径,有望成为一个理想的区域通信、中继和运输平台。实现N×24小时能源闭环的超长航时飞行,是发展临近空间太阳能飞机的核心问题,也是形成“区域保持+时间持久”特色能力的关键。能量最优航迹规划方法是解决临近空间太阳能飞机跨昼夜能量闭环难题的有效技术方向。当前临近空间太阳能飞机能量最优航迹规划方法可分为2类:不考虑风场变化的能量最优航迹规划方法和不考虑大范围高度变化的能量最优航迹规划方法。分别对这2类问题的研究成果进行了分析与讨论,考虑不同处理框架给实际工程应用带来的困难与挑战,认为未来应统一考虑太阳辐射、空间高度和风场变化,并融合重力势能与梯度风场对太阳能飞机临近空间持久驻留能量变化的影响,开展基于强化学习框架的太阳能飞机能量最优“通用”飞行航迹规划方法研究。为此,有必要开展临近空间风场环境表征与重构、临近空间梯度风场对太阳能飞机滑翔轨迹能量影响分析、最优飞行航迹示教轨迹生成与分类、基于示教轨迹的太阳能飞机强化学习框架构建等关键技术研究。可为设计太阳能飞机能量最优航迹规划方法提供参考,为规划太阳能飞机研究技术路线提供支撑。
中图分类号:
高显忠, 邓小龙, 王玉杰, 郭正, 侯中喜. 临近空间太阳能飞机能量最优飞行航迹规划方法展望[J]. 航空学报, 2023, 44(8): 27265-027265.
Xianzhong GAO, Xiaolong DENG, Yujie WANG, Zheng GUO, Zhongxi HOU. General planning method for energy optimal flight path of solar⁃powered aircraft in near space[J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2023, 44(8): 27265-027265.
表1
临近空间太阳能无人机设计参数及试飞数据[9]
图片 | 名称 | 国家 | 翼展/m | 质量/kg | 构型 | 试验年份 | 持续飞行时间 | 最大飞行高度/km |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AtlantikSolar | 瑞士 | 5.65 | 6.8 | 常规 | 2015 | 81.5 h | ||
Solara 50 | 美国 | 50 | 159 | 常规 | 2015 | 4 min 16 s | 0.158 | |
Owl | 俄罗斯 | 9.5 | 11.8 | 常规 | 2016 | 50 h | 9 | |
EVA-3 | 韩国 | >20 | 53 | 常规 | 2016 | 90 min | 18.5 | |
Aquila | 美国 | 43 | 453 | 飞翼 | 2016 | 96 min | 0.65 | |
彩虹-9 | 中国 | 45 | 常规 | 2017 | 15 h | >20 | ||
ApusDuo | 美国 | 14 | 23 | 串列翼 | 2018 | 0.02 | ||
StratoAirNet | 美国 | 15 | 固定翼 | 2018 | ~1 | |||
Zephyr-S | 英国 | 25 | 75 | 常规 | 2018 2021 | 26 d 36 d | 22.5 23.2 |
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