一种基于相对位置约束的双星定位方法

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2017.320503

电子电气工程与控制

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一种基于相对位置约束的双星定位方法

李正, 张海, 王伟扬

北京航空航天大学自动化科学与电气工程学院, 北京 100083

收稿日期:2016-06-07 修回日期:2017-01-08 出版日期:2017-05-15 发布日期:2017-02-10
通讯作者: 张海 E-mail:zhanghai@buaa.edu.cn

A positioning method with two satellites by relative position constraint

LI Zheng, ZHANG Hai, WANG Weiyang

School of Automation Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2016-06-07 Revised:2017-01-08 Online:2017-05-15 Published:2017-02-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

全球卫星定位系统（GNSS）需要至少4颗卫星才能提供持续、准确的定位结果。在有障碍物遮挡的城市街道、山谷或者存在压制式干扰的战场环境中，往往会出现可见星数量降低至4颗以下的情况。针对只有2颗可见星的定位问题，提出了通过相对位置变化对绝对位置进行解算的定位模型，证明了该模型的可行性，并研究了该模型的数值计算方法和几何搜索方法。仿真实验和实际跑车试验表明，在只有2颗可见星条件下，该方法的定位精度明显优于传统的INS/GNSS紧组合算法，并且对初始位置的精度不具有依赖性。

关键词: 全球卫星定位系统, 两颗可见星, 定位, 相对位置约束, 组合导航

Abstract:

The global navigation satellites system (GNSS) needs at least four visible satellites to provide accurate and continuous positing result. However, under harsh conditions such as urban canyon, tunnels and other special environments, the number of visible satellites usually becomes less than four, which leads to degradation of positioning precision or infeasibility of the positioning algorithm. This paper presents a novel method to provide reliable position solution with only two visible satellites. The relative position change during a short period is utilized as a constrain condition to estimate the absolute position of GNSS receiver in this paper. The feasibility of the proposed method is proved. The numerical algorithm and geometrical searching algorithm are proposed respectively. The simulation experiment has been carried out and the result demonstrates that the proposed method is effective in improving the positioning performance. The proposed method has better performance than the conventional INS/GNSS coupled method and the positioning results do not rely on the initial position's precision.

Key words: GNSS, two visible satellites, positioning, relative position constraint, integrated navigation

中图分类号:

V241.62⁺5

李正, 张海, 王伟扬. 一种基于相对位置约束的双星定位方法[J]. 航空学报, 2017, 38(5): 320503-320503.

LI Zheng, ZHANG Hai, WANG Weiyang. A positioning method with two satellites by relative position constraint[J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2017, 38(5): 320503-320503.

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E-mail：hkxb@buaa.edu.cn

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主管单位：中国科学技术协会主办单位：中国航空学会北京航空航天大学

一种基于相对位置约束的双星定位方法

A positioning method with two satellites by relative position constraint

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