航空发动机转子非稳态振动分量提取方法

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2023.28158

Abstract

Abstract:

Monitoring the vibration state of engine rotors is one of the important methods to improve the reliability of aero-engines. However， in actual operation and vibration monitoring process， it is found that the engine speed changes rapidly， and the rotor vibration component is weak， which makes it difficult to track and extract the rotor harmonic vibration component in real time. To solve this problem， this paper proposes an extraction method for aero-engine rotor vibration components based on sparse harmonic product spectrum and adaptive Vold-Kalman filter. Firstly， the characteristics of the engine casing signal is analyzed. Through combining the harmonic relationship between blade passing frequency and rotation frequency with the idea of harmonic product spectrum， a method for calculating the engine rotation frequency rapidly is proposed， without the need for accurate phase information. Secondly， the residual error of the order spectrum is minimized by using the method of variable step iteration， and the optimal filtering parameters of the Vold-Kalman filter are determined， to realize the accurate extraction of the harmonic vibration component of the engine rotor. It is verified by simulation signals that this method can effectively extract the weak rotor vibration components from the casing signal under relatively large noise， and this method is compared with a variety of classical signal decomposition methods. Finally， actual engine signals are further analyzed， and the calculation and verification are carried out for two typical unsteady working conditions of engine start/stop and acceleration/deceleration， which proves the superiority of the proposed method.

Key words: aero-engine, harmonic product spectrum, Vold-Kalman filter, unsteady vibration, rotor

CLC Number:

V232.2

Yuan XIAO, Kun FENG, Minghui HU, Zhinong JIANG. Extraction method for unsteady vibration components of aero-engine rotors[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(3): 228158-228158.

Figures/Tables 18

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References 23

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对比参数/方法	信噪比/ dB	相对误差/%	运算时间/s
本文方法（SHPS-AVKF）	-2	0.76	7.48
	2	0.43	6.68
	6	0.26	7.12
传统HPS-AVKF	-2	10.38	6.32
	2	3.49	5.16
	6	5.38	6.06
集合经验模态分解（EEMD）	-2	5.14	170.0
	2	1.65	166.0
	6	1.74	165.0
同步压缩变换（SST）	-2	2.25	23.4
	2	1.98	21.8
	6	1.18	22.6

方法	阶次谱相对误差/%	运算时间/s
本文方法	0.018	30.75
同步压缩变换	0.65	47.21

方法	阶次谱相对误差/%	运算时间/s
本文方法	0.010	7.84
同步压缩变换	0.542	49.46

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Extraction method for unsteady vibration components of aero-engine rotors

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