航空学报 > 2026, Vol. 47 Issue (6): 132671-132671   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.32671

深度动态失速数值模拟方法验证与确认

李佳忆1, 司海青2, 董昊1(), 仇静轩2, 夏天宇1   

  1. 1.南京航空航天大学 航空学院,南京 210016
    2.南京航空航天大学 通用航空与飞行学院,南京 211106
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-11 修回日期:2025-09-16 接受日期:2025-10-22 出版日期:2025-11-03 发布日期:2025-10-30
  • 通讯作者: 董昊 E-mail:donghao@nuaa.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省杰出青年基金(BK20230030);国家自然科学基金(52502444);工信部民用飞机专项科研项目(MJZ1-8N22);航空航天结构力学及控制全国重点实验室青年学生项目(MCAS-S-0224G03);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划(KYCX25_0618)

Verification and validation of deep dynamic stall numerical simulation method

Jiayi LI1, Haiqing SI2, Hao DONG1(), Jingxuan QIU2, Tianyu XIA1   

  1. 1.College of Aerospace Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China
    2.College of General Aviation and Flight,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,China
  • Received:2025-08-11 Revised:2025-09-16 Accepted:2025-10-22 Online:2025-11-03 Published:2025-10-30
  • Contact: Hao DONG E-mail:donghao@nuaa.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    Distinguished Young Scholars of Jiangsu Province(BK20230030);National Natural Science Foundation of China(52502444);Civil Aircraft Special Project Foundation of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology(MJZ1-8N22);State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures (Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics)(MCAS-S-0224G03);Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX25_0618)

摘要:

动态失速是旋翼飞行器与风力机械工作过程中常见的非定常气动工况,其数值模拟结果在工程预测与机理分析中具有重要价值。然而当前多数研究仅通过单一模拟结果与试验数据进行比对,对各种数值参数导致的差异缺乏深入剖析,导致模拟结果的可靠性边界模糊,限制了计算流体力学(CFD)方法从复现走向预测的能力。针对NACA0012翼型在深度动态失速状态下的俯仰振荡流动,评估并量化了由关键建模选择所引入的认知不确定性的影响。系统性地考察了网格类型、湍流模型、压力速度耦合方式和边界条件等关键参数所导致的模拟结果差异,并通过时间历程曲线、迟滞环图谱等方式评估了数值模拟与试验数据的一致性。结果表明,在合理配置建模参数的前提下,模拟结果可进一步逼近试验数据,尤其是在关键的失速涡演化阶段表现出更高的可信度。通过系统的参数组合与对比分析,总结出了一套具有较高稳定性和精度的数值模拟建模参考方案,并利用区间度量方法,为该基准算例的气动力系数确立了不确定度带,为后续动态失速问题的数值模拟研究提供了实践依据。

关键词: 动态失速, 旋翼飞行器, 气动特性, NACA0012翼型, 计算流体力学

Abstract:

Dynamic stall is a common unsteady aerodynamic phenomenon encountered by rotorcraft and wind turbines, and its numerical simulation is of significant value for engineering prediction and mechanism analysis. However, current research predominantly compares a single simulation with experimental data and lacks an in-depth analysis of the discrepancies caused by various numerical parameters, leading to ambiguous reliability boundaries and limiting the capability of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to transition from a reproductive tool to a predictive one. Focusing on the pitching oscillation of a NACA0012 airfoil in a deep dynamic stall state, the effects of epistemic uncertainty introduced by key modeling choices were evaluated and quantified. The discrepancies in simulation results caused by key parameters, including grid types, turbulence models, pressure-velocity coupling methods, and boundary conditions, were systematically investigated, and the consistency of the numerical simulation with experimental data was assessed using time-history curves and hysteresis loops. The results indicate that with a proper configuration of modeling parameters, the simulation can closely approximate the experimental data, exhibiting higher fidelity, particularly during the critical stall-vortex evolution phase. Through a systematic comparative analysis of parameter combinations, a numerical simulation modeling reference scheme with high stability and accuracy was established, and by using interval quantification methods, the uncertainty band for the aerodynamic coefficients of the benchmark case was established. This provides practical guidance for subsequent numerical simulation studies of dynamic stall.

Key words: dynamic stall, rotorcraft, aerodynamic characteristics, NACA0012 airfoil, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)

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