航空学报 > 2025, Vol. 46 Issue (8): 631086-631086   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2024.31086

宽域高超声速飞行器可调矢量喷管方案设计与性能研究

魏礼响1,2,3, 徐惊雷1,2,3(), 陈匡世1,2,3, 黄帅1,2,3, 葛建辉1,2,3, 宋光韬1,2,3   

  1. 1.南京航空航天大学 航空航天结构力学及控制全国重点实验室,南京 210016
    2.南京航空航天大学 能源与动力学院,南京 210016
    3.进排气技术教育部重点实验室,南京 210016
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-21 修回日期:2024-09-12 接受日期:2024-10-15 出版日期:2024-10-30 发布日期:2024-10-29
  • 通讯作者: 徐惊雷 E-mail:xujl@nuaa.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(12332018)

Scheme design and performance study of adjustable vector nozzle for wide-range hypersonic aircraft

Lixiang WEI1,2,3, Jinglei XU1,2,3(), Kuangshi CHEN1,2,3, Shuai HUANG1,2,3, Jianhui GE1,2,3, Guangtao SONG1,2,3   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Aeronautics and Astronautics Structures,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China
    2.College of Energy and Power Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China
    3.Key Laboratory of Inlet and Exhaust System Technology,Ministry of Education,Nanjing 210016,China
  • Received:2024-08-21 Revised:2024-09-12 Accepted:2024-10-15 Online:2024-10-30 Published:2024-10-29
  • Contact: Jinglei XU E-mail:xujl@nuaa.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(12332018)

摘要:

针对宽域高速飞行器轴对称尾喷管宽域高性能、出口几何可调和高效推力矢量能力的迫切需求,设计一种宽域高超声速飞行器可调矢量喷管及内-中-外3套环调节方案,对该喷管在典型工况下进行数值模拟,分析了不同模态下喷管的流场结构和性能。结果表明,通过平动调节中、外套环的位置,喷管既可以调节出口面积,又具备推力矢量能力。非矢量模态,由于喷管出口面积可调,有效缓解了低落压比工况下的过膨胀现象,推力性能显著提高,相较于固定几何喷管,推力系数最多增加32.75%;矢量模态下,马赫数7工况最高能产生>10°的矢量角,同时推力系数仍>0.92。为进一步降低低马赫数下喷管的底阻,提出次流进气的流动控制方法,通过降低次流通道的内外压差,最大可以减少78.5%的底阻。最后开展了风洞缩比试验,试验结果与数值仿真结果吻合良好,验证了该宽域高超声速飞行器可调矢量喷管设计方案的有效性。

关键词: 宽域高速, 高超声速, 可调喷管, 推力矢量, 底阻, 风洞试验

Abstract:

In response to the urgent requirements for wide-range high performance, geometric adaptability of the exit, and efficient thrust vectoring capability of axisymmetric nozzles for wide-range high-speed aircraft, an adjustable vector nozzle and an internal-middle-outer three-ring adjustment scheme were designed. Numerical simulations were conducted on the nozzle under typical operating conditions, and the flow field structure and performance of the nozzle under different modes were analyzed. The results show that by adjusting the positions of the middle and outer rings through translational motion, the nozzle can adjust the exit area and has the thrust vectoring capability. In the non-thrust vectoring mode, due to the adjustable exit area of the nozzle, the overexpansion phenomenon at low nozzle pressure ratio is effectively alleviated, and the thrust performance is significantly improved. Compared with the fixed geometry nozzle, the thrust coefficient can be increased by up to 32.75%. In the thrust vectoring mode, the maximum vector angle larger than 10° can be generated at Mach number 7, while the thrust coefficient is still greater than 0.92. To further reduce the base drag of the nozzle at low Mach number, a flow control method for secondary flow intake was proposed, which can reduce the base drag by up to 78.5% by reducing the internal and external pressure difference of the secondary flowpath. Finally, a wind tunnel scale-down experiment was conducted. The experiment results were in good agreement with the numerical simulation results, verifying the effectiveness of the proposed design scheme.

Key words: wide-range high-speed, hypersonic, adjustable nozzle, thrust vector, base drag, wind tunnel test

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