航空学报 > 2025, Vol. 46 Issue (20): 531909-531909   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.31909

一种面向超声速民机低声爆布局的全声爆毯优化设计方法

陈晴1,2, 韩忠华1,2, 张科施1,2(), 乔建领1,2, 丁玉临1,2, 宋文萍1,2   

  1. 1.西北工业大学 航空学院,西安 710072
    2.飞行器基础布局全国重点实验室,西安 710072
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-27 修回日期:2025-05-26 接受日期:2025-06-13 出版日期:2025-06-30 发布日期:2025-06-16
  • 通讯作者: 张科施 E-mail:zhangkeshi@nwpu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(52472385);飞行器基础布局全国重点实验室2024年度开放基金(JBGS-2024-04)

A full-carpet design optimization method for low-boom supersonic civil aircraft configuration

Qing CHEN1,2, Zhonghua HAN1,2, Keshi ZHANG1,2(), Jianling QIAO1,2, Yulin DING1,2, Wenping SONG1,2   

  1. 1.School of Aeronautics,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China
    2.National Key Laboratory of Aircraft Configuration Design,Xi’an 710072,China
  • Received:2025-02-27 Revised:2025-05-26 Accepted:2025-06-13 Online:2025-06-30 Published:2025-06-16
  • Contact: Keshi ZHANG E-mail:zhangkeshi@nwpu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(52472385);National Key Laboratory of Aircraft Configuration Design 2024 Open Fund(JBGS-2024-04)

摘要:

声爆不达标是发展新一代超声速民机亟待突破的瓶颈问题。现有的低声爆设计方法仅针对正下方或侧向单一方位角,其声爆降低往往导致其他方向声爆增强,使得声爆仍不达标。针对该问题,基于“近场CFD数值模拟结合远场广义Burgers方程”的高可信度声爆预测方法,提出了全声爆毯声爆强度(FBL)这一物理量。FBL通过对声爆毯内的感觉声压级分布进行积分,综合考虑不同方位角声爆强度与影响范围,从而建立全声爆毯声爆特性的度量。基于FBL,在代理优化框架下发展了一种全声爆毯低声爆设计方法。将该方法应用于某超声速民机低声爆布局设计,结果表明:全声爆毯内所有方位角的声爆强度均降低,感觉声压级最大值降低至81.16 PLdB,最小值降低至77.57 PLdB。流场分析显示:设计在机翼上的反分布改善了后体波系结构,削弱了远场尾激波强度,减小了地面信号的中高频段声能量。相较于现有单一方位角低声爆设计方法,本方法能在声爆毯更大范围内获得更低的感觉声压级分布,具有更优的降低声爆效果。该研究可为超声速民机布局低声爆设计提供有力手段。

关键词: 超声速民机, 声爆, 低声爆布局, 全声爆毯, 低声爆优化设计

Abstract:

Reducing the sonic boom to a community-acceptable level across the full carpet is a significant challenge for the development of next-generation Supersonic Transport (SST). The existing low-boom design methods focus only on one azimuth angle, leading to an unacceptable boom at other locations across the boom carpet. To solve this problem, this paper formulates a metric termed Full-carpet sonic Boom Loudness (FBL) based on CFD simulation combined with the augmented Burgers equation. FBL can account for both the contribution of ground loudness and spatial influence area at different azimuth angles. By integrating the FBL and surrogate-based optimization framework, a full-carpet low-boom design optimization method is proposed. Then, the proposed method is applied to the low-boom design of an SST configuration. The results show that sonic booms at all azimuth angles are mitigated across the full carpet, where the maximum loudness is reduced to 81.16 PLdB while the minimum loudness is reduced to 77.57 PLdB. The shock wave pattern of designed configuration is improved and tail shocks of far-field signatures are mitigated. Compared to the existing methods focusing only on one azimuth angle, the proposed method outperforms them in boom reduction, obtaining a lower ground loudness distribution. This research may support the low-boom design of SST configurations.

Key words: supersonic civil aircraft, sonic boom, low-boom configuration, full carpet, low-boom optimization design

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