收稿日期:2024-10-21
修回日期:2024-11-25
接受日期:2025-02-10
出版日期:2025-03-07
发布日期:2025-02-25
通讯作者:
吴建军
E-mail:jjwu@nudt.edu.cn
基金资助:
Shuming YANG, Jianjun WU(
), Changlin XIE, Yuqiang CHENG, Biao WANG
Received:2024-10-21
Revised:2024-11-25
Accepted:2025-02-10
Online:2025-03-07
Published:2025-02-25
Contact:
Jianjun WU
E-mail:jjwu@nudt.edu.cn
Supported by:摘要:
故障诊断是保障液体火箭发动机安全性的关键技术之一,其中基于模型的诊断方法受限于诊断精度与模型准确度间不可调和的矛盾,以信号处理技术为典型代表的数据驱动诊断方法高度依赖专家领域知识。在人工智能和大数据快速发展背景下,数据驱动智能故障诊断方法获得了广泛关注,并在各种工程应用中取得了巨大成功。从机器学习的模型结构和特征工程2个维度,梳理数据驱动智能故障诊断方法在液体火箭发动机中的应用模式,进一步分析数据驱动智能故障诊断方法在液体火箭发动机实际健康监测应用中面临的3大挑战,并基于团队研究成果给出针对性解决措施,最后对数据驱动智能故障诊断方法存在的差距和下一步发展趋势进行总结。
中图分类号:
杨述明, 吴建军, 谢昌霖, 程玉强, 王彪. 数据驱动智能故障诊断技术在液体火箭发动机的应用与展望[J]. 航空学报, 2025, 46(15): 131427.
Shuming YANG, Jianjun WU, Changlin XIE, Yuqiang CHENG, Biao WANG. Application issues of data-driven intelligent fault diagnosis technologies for liquid rocket engines[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2025, 46(15): 131427.
表1
可解释人工智能方法分类[84]
| 分类方法 | 具体描述 | |
|---|---|---|
| 按照在机器学习模型中所处的环节 | 模型前可解释(Pre-model) | 指从监测数据入手,通过数据预处理或特征可视化,提升人类对数据特征的理解性 |
| 模型中可解释(In-model) | 从模型本身存在的稀疏性、单调性、因果性或外在约束、模型权重去解释 | |
| 模型后可解释(Post-model) | 指对已经建立好的机器学习模型的输入特征与输出结果之间的逻辑映射关系进行解释 | |
| 按照通用性 | 模型特定(Model-specific) | 指只针对某一类模型进行解释,比如对模型结构或者参数的处理。 |
| 模型无关(Model-agnostic) | 可适用于多种黑箱模型,一般通过分析输入特征及其预测结果之间的关联关系实现 |
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