航空学报 > 2016, Vol. 37 Issue (6): 1921-1930   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2015.0280

大型繁忙机场场面离场交通流拥堵特征分析

杨磊, 胡明华, 尹苏皖, 张洪海   

  1. 南京航空航天大学 民航学院, 南京 211106
  • 收稿日期:2015-06-19 修回日期:2015-10-18 出版日期:2016-06-15 发布日期:2015-10-21
  • 通讯作者: 胡明华 男,硕士,教授,博士生导师。主要研究方向:国家空域系统规划、管理与评估,飞行流量管理,空中交通管理系统信息化与智能化。Tel:025-52112669 E-mail:minghuahu@263.net E-mail:minghuahu@263.net
  • 作者简介:杨磊 男,博士研究生。主要研究方向:飞行流理论与智能管控技术。Tel:025-52112669 E-mail:laneyoung49@hotmail.com;尹苏皖 女,硕士研究生。主要研究方向:机场终端区容量评估。Tel:025-52112669 E-mail:739688191@qq.com;张洪海 男,博士,副教授,硕士生导师。主要研究方向:飞行流理论与调控技术、空管协同化与智能化以及复杂空中交通系统。Tel:025-52112669 E-mail:zhh0913@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(61104159);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20131366)

Characteristics analysis of departure traffic flow congestion in mega-airport surface

YANG Lei, HU Minghua, YIN Suwan, ZHANG Honghai   

  1. College of Civil Aviation, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
  • Received:2015-06-19 Revised:2015-10-18 Online:2016-06-15 Published:2015-10-21
  • Supported by:

    National Natural Science Foundation of China (61104159);Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20131366)

摘要:

阐明机场场面交通流时空演变规律,揭示离场交通流拥堵机理是科学制定场面交通流管控策略的重要基础。采用元胞传输机理论,建立线性滑行道元胞、机坪发散/交叉元胞、汇聚元胞的交通流传输模型,并基于NetLogo系统动力学仿真平台,以广州白云国际机场为例验证了模型的有效性,进而推演分析了离场交通流基础相变特征及其影响机理。研究表明,场面离场交通流存在自由态、亚稳态、拥堵累积态和拥堵死锁态4种基础相态,指出调节与进场率相协调的推出率是有效控制离场交通流密度,缓解场面拥堵的重要手段。研究结果可为大型繁忙机场场面交通智能管控提供一定的理论基础和决策参考。

关键词: 机场, 交通流, 元胞传输机, NetLogo, 相变, 空中交通管理

Abstract:

Expounding traffic flow spatial-temporal evolution laws on mega-airport surface and revealing departure traffic flow congestion mechanism are the significant basis of airport surface traffic flow management and control. By adopting cell transmission model, normal taxiway cells, apron cells and convergent cells operation model were established. Based on the NetLogo's system dynamics simulation platform, Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport surface operation was macroscopically simulated. By comparing the actual and simulation data, the proposed model was validated to be accurate and efficient. Simulation results show that departure traffic flow contains four basic phases:free, semi-stable, congestion accumulating and break-down, and adjusting pushback rate according to the arrival rate will be a critical method in controlling departure demand and alleviate traffic congestion. This research achievement may provide a theoretical basis and decision reference for intelligent traffic control in mega-airport.

Key words: airport, traffic flow, cell transmission model, NetLogo, phase-transition, air traffic management

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