航空学报 > 2014, Vol. 35 Issue (7): 1787-1803   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2013.0490

航空航天复合材料结构非接触无损检测技术的进展及发展趋势

马保全, 周正干   

  1. 北京航空航天大学 机械工程及自动化学院, 北京 100191
  • 收稿日期:2013-09-12 修回日期:2013-12-11 出版日期:2014-07-25 发布日期:2013-12-20
  • 通讯作者: 周正干,Tel.:010-82338668;E-mail:zzhenggan@buaa.edu.cn E-mail:zzhenggan@buaa.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:马保全男,博士研究生。主要研究方向:超声无损检测技术。Tel:010-82313466E-mail:mabaoquan@me.buaa.edu.cn;周正干男,博士,教授,博士生导师。主要研究方向:超声无损检测技术。Tel:010-82338668E-mail:zzhenggan@buaa.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家商用飞机制造工程技术研究中心创新基金(SAMC13-JS-15-022);航天科技创新基金(CASC06)

Progress and Development Trends of Composite Structure Evaluation Using Noncontact Nondestructive Testing Techniques in Aviation and Aerospace Industries

MA Baoquan, ZHOU Zhenggan   

  1. School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
  • Received:2013-09-12 Revised:2013-12-11 Online:2014-07-25 Published:2013-12-20
  • Supported by:

    Fund of National Engineering and Research Center for Commercial Aircraft Manufacturing (SAMC13-JS-15-022);Innovation Fund of Aerospace Science and Technology (CASC06)

摘要:

新型复合材料在航空航天领域获得广泛应用,有些甚至已代替金属成为某些核心部件的主要结构材料,此类材料及其构件在结构、材料特性、所需检测条件等方面的特殊性对无损检测技术提出更苛刻、更有针对性的检测需求,如不能使用耦合剂、高效率、高可靠性、实时、直观、绿色环保等,非接触无损检测技术被认为是满足上述检测需求的重要手段,已有多种非接触检测技术为航空航天制造及维护提供服务。本文结合航空航天工业的发展趋势及该领域对新型复合材料的检测需求,就目前国内外研究较热且具有较大应用潜力的多种非接触无损检测技术(包括空气耦合超声检测技术、红外热像技术、激光超声检测技术、散斑干涉技术)进行综述,总结各方法所具有的技术特点、研究进展与应用情况。最后,综合各技术研究现状展望非接触无损检测技术的发展趋势,为此类技术在相关领域的研究与应用提供一定的参考和借鉴。

关键词: 非接触, 无损检测, 激光超声, 复合材料, 红外热像, 散斑干涉, 空气耦合超声

Abstract:

Advanced composites are widely used in aviation and aerospace industries, some even replace metal as core parts of main structural material. Due to their special features in structure, material behavior and inspection conditions, several more rigorous and more targeted requirements for nondestructive testing are proposed including couplant-free, high testing efficiency, high reliability, real-time, visualized and environmental friendly, etc. Noncontact nondestructive testing techniques are viewed as viable solutions to meet the above requirements, and a variety of noncontact testing techniques have been offering services for aerospace manufacturing and maintenance. According to the development trends of aviation and aerospace industries and new inspection requirements for advanced composites, several well-suited, highly relevant and promising noncontact nondestructive testing techniques including air-coupled ultrasonic testing technique, infrared thermography, laser ultrasonic testing technique, and speckle pattern interferometry are summarized from different perspectives including technical features, research progress and applications. Finally, the development trends of noncontact nondestructive testing techniques are overviewed via synthesizing the research status of techniques above to provide certain references for the research and applications of these techniques in related industries.

Key words: noncontact, nondestructive examination, laser ultrasonic, composite materials, infrared thermography, speckle interferometry, air-coupled ultrasound

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