航空学报 > 2023, Vol. 44 Issue (22): 28516-028516   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2023.28516

旋转叶片动应力非接触测量方法研究综述

王维民1,2, 户东方1()   

  1. 1.北京化工大学 高端机械装备健康监控与自愈化北京市重点实验室,北京 100029
    2.北京化工大学 化工安全教育部工程研究中心,北京 100029
  • 收稿日期:2023-02-01 修回日期:2023-03-01 接受日期:2023-06-02 出版日期:2023-11-08 发布日期:2023-06-21
  • 通讯作者: 户东方 E-mail:hudf@foxmail.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2020YFB2010803);国家自然科学基金重大研究计划重点项目(92160203)

Review on non⁃contact dynamic stress measurement methods of rotating blades

Weimin WANG1,2, Dongfang HU1()   

  1. 1.Beijing Key Laboratory of Health Monitoring Control and Self?recovery for High?end Machinery,Beijing University of Chemical Techenology,Beijing 100029,China
    2.Chemical Safety Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education,Beijing Uiversity of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China
  • Received:2023-02-01 Revised:2023-03-01 Accepted:2023-06-02 Online:2023-11-08 Published:2023-06-21
  • Contact: Dongfang HU E-mail:hudf@foxmail.com
  • Supported by:
    National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFB2010803);Key Project of Major Research Programs of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(92160203)

摘要:

叶片结构是航空发动机、燃气轮机的重要能量转换部件,叶片的疲劳断裂问题严重影响机组的运行安全,对其进行健康监测尤为重要。通过对叶片进行实时的动应力监测并构建载荷谱,可以预估叶片剩余寿命,预警叶片裂纹的萌生,最终实现叶片的健康管理。动应力非接触测量方法自提出以来,在提升航空发动机、燃气轮机等设备的安全运行能力方面展现出巨大的潜力。综述了动应力非接触测量方法的基本原理及近年来的主要研究成果,归纳总结了动应力反演中的关键方法与技术,包括叶尖振动位移的精确识别方法、应力幅值比确定方法、多模态动应力计算方法等,分析了动应力反演的误差来源以及2种常用的非接触测量动应力的误差标定工具方法,并对今后的关键研究方向进行了展望。

关键词: 动应力反演, 叶尖计时, 动应力非接触测量, 误差分析, 数字孪生

Abstract:

Blade is an important energy conversion component of aero-engines and gas turbines. The fatigue fracture problem of blades seriously affects the operation safety of the unit, so it is particularly important to monitor its health status. Real-time dynamic stress monitoring and load spectrum construction for blades can help to predict the remaining life of blades, warn the initiation of blade cracks, and realize the health management for blades. Since the non-contact dynamic stress measurement method was proposed, it has shown great potential in improving the safe operation capability of aero-engines, gas turbines and other equipment. This paper reviews the basic principle of non-contact dynamic stress measurement and the main research achievements in recent years. Besides, it summarizes the key methods and technologies in dynamic stress inversion, including the accurate identification method of tip vibration displacement, the determination method of stress amplitude ratio, multi-mode dynamic stress calculation method, etc. Furthermore, it analyzes the error sources of dynamic stress inversion and two commonly used error calibration tools for non-contact measurement of dynamic stress, and presents an outlook on the key research directions.

Key words: dynamic stress inversion, blade tip timing, non-contact dynamic strain measurement, error analysis, digital twin

中图分类号: