数据驱动智能故障诊断技术在液体火箭发动机的应用与展望

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.31427

Abstract

Abstract:

Fault diagnosis is one of the key technologies to ensure the safety of liquid rocket engines. The model-based diagnostic methods are limited by the irreconcilable contradiction between diagnostic accuracy and model accuracy， while data-driven diagnostic methods， typified by signal processing techniques， rely heavily on expert domain knowledge. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence and big data， the data-driven intelligent fault diagnosis methods have received extensive attention and achieved great success in a great variety of engineering applications. Therefore， the application modes of the data-driven intelligent fault diagnosis methods in liquid rocket engines was reviewed from the perspectives of model structures and feature engineering of machine learning. The three major challenges faced by the the data-driven intelligent fault diagnosis methods in the practical health monitoring application of liquid rocket engines were further analyzed， and the corresponding solutions based on research achievements of our team were presented， respectively. Finally， review conclusions and future works of the data-driven intelligent fault diagnosis technology were proposed to inspire further exploration in this field.

Key words: liquid rocket engines, health monitoring, data-driven, machine learning, intelligent fault diagnosis

CLC Number:

V434

Shuming YANG, Jianjun WU, Changlin XIE, Yuqiang CHENG, Biao WANG. Application issues of data-driven intelligent fault diagnosis technologies for liquid rocket engines[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2025, 46(15): 131427.

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分类方法		具体描述
按照在机器学习模型中所处的环节	模型前可解释（Pre-model）	指从监测数据入手，通过数据预处理或特征可视化，提升人类对数据特征的理解性
	模型中可解释（In-model）	从模型本身存在的稀疏性、单调性、因果性或外在约束、模型权重去解释
	模型后可解释（Post-model）	指对已经建立好的机器学习模型的输入特征与输出结果之间的逻辑映射关系进行解释
按照通用性	模型特定（Model-specific）	指只针对某一类模型进行解释，比如对模型结构或者参数的处理。
按照通用性	模型无关（Model-agnostic）	可适用于多种黑箱模型，一般通过分析输入特征及其预测结果之间的关联关系实现

Application issues of data-driven intelligent fault diagnosis technologies for liquid rocket engines

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