高功率波加热磁等离子体推力器研究现状与展望

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2023.28761

Abstract

Abstract:

The wave-heating magnetoplasma thruster possesses many advantages such as its suitability for high power propulsion （about 100 kWe-1 MWe）， high thrust density （about 4×10⁵ N/m²）， variable high thrust （about 1-100 N）， and adjustable specific impulse （about 3 000-10 000 s）. These advantages make the wave-heating magnetoplasma thruster well suited for a diverse range of future space missions with high-performance. Based on previous studies of the wave-heating magnetoplasma thruster both home and abroad， this work summarizes the technical status of the wave-heating magnetoplasma thruster in recent years， and analyzes the theoretical issues the present research faced in the development of the wave-heating magnetoplasma thruster， such as the so called single-pass ion cyclotron resonance heating， the plasma detachment controlling， the high-power density plasma diagnosing in strong magnetic fields， as well as many engineering difficulties， including the efficient thermal management and high-power RF power supplies. Finally， application directions of the wave-heating magnetoplasma thruster are prospected according to its performance characteristics.

Key words: electric propulsion, helicon, ion cyclotron resonance heating, magnetic nozzle, plasma

CLC Number:

V439

Xiong YANG, Xiaokang LI, Dawei GUO, Mousen CHENG, Fan ZHANG, Bixuan CHE, Qingyun LEI. Research status and prospect of high⁃power wave⁃heating magnetoplasma thruster[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(7): 28761-028761.

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型号	VX-10	VX-25	VX-50	VX-100	VX-200	VF-200	VX-200SS
功率/kWe	10	25	50	100	200	200	108×2
推力/N			0.5	2.5~4	5~8	6	3×2
比冲/s			5 000~10 000	3 000~5 000	3 000~5 000	5 000	4 500
效率/%			50	65	72	76	62
研制年份	1998	2002	2004	2007	2009	2014	2016至今
技术状态	单元验证	单元验证	单元验证	实验室样机	演示样机	飞行验证机	稳态工作验证机
项目支持			NASA-HiPEP	NASA-HiPEP	NASA-“探路者”计划	NASA-“探路者”计划	NASA-NextSTEP

研究机构	AARC	国防科技大学	西安航天动力研究所	中国科学院
功率/kWe	108×2	4	30	60
推力/N	3×2		0.375	1
比冲/s	4 500		4 000	3 700
效率/%	62		50	30.8
束流密度/ m^-3	8.4×10¹⁸	7.3×10¹⁶
年份	2021	2019	2021	2022
阶段	稳态工作样机	原理样机	试验样机	原理样机
成熟度	TRL 5~6	TRL 3~4	TRL 3~4	TRL 3~4

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Research status and prospect of high⁃power wave⁃heating magnetoplasma thruster

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