一种基于水滴收集量代理模型的结冰试飞空域确定方法

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2022.27697

Abstract

Abstract:

In response to the problem that the icing index used in natural icing test flight area determination can only provide the icing probability and icing level， a new method is proposed. By sampling the continuous maximum icing conditions in Appendix C of Federal Aviation Regulations （FAR） Part 25， the air flow field and water droplet impingement characteristics were solved to obtain the water droplet collection amount for the sampling points. The surrogated model of the water droplet collection amount was constructed based on Proper Orthogonal Decomposition （POD） and Kriging. The weather simulation of the target area was performed using WRF （Weather Research and Forecasting） to obtain the temperature and the liquid water content. The water droplet collection amount over the target area was predicted with the surrogated model and the target area was divided by the moderate icing intensity. The results show that： the surrogated model can predict the effects of temperature， liquid water content， median volume diameter， height and flight speed on water droplet collection amount correctly； the temperature and the liquid water content of the target area obtained by WRF are in good agreement with the observed values； the surrogated model can quickly obtain the distribution of the water droplet collection amount over the target area and its variation with time； the suitable natural icing test flight area and the icing rate are determined. The growth of the flight speed makes the water droplet collection amount increase and causes the variation of the icing test flight area. This paper has some reference significance for the determination of the icing test flights area.

Key words: icing test flight, water droplet collection amount, surrogate model, weather forecasting, aircraft icing, Werther Research and Forecasting (WRF)

CLC Number:

Junjie NIU, Weimin SANG, Dong LI, Lian HAO, Zelin WANG. Icing test flight area determination method based on surrogated model of water droplet collection[J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2023, 44(1): 627697-627697.

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参数	参数来源	MAE	RMSE	MAPE
T	文献［31］结果	2.87 K	2.96	1.1%
T	本文结果	1.45 K	1.74	0.5%
LWC	文献［31］结果	0.08 g/m³	0.12	28.7%
LWC	本文结果	0.07 g/m³	0.11	25.6%

算例	MVD/μm	LWC/ （g·m^-³）	T/K	H/m	V/ （m·s^-1）	攻角/ （°）
Case 1	15.0	0.445 5	258	4 629	87.2	4
Case 2	20.8	0.239 8	255	2 643	75.7	4
Case 3	27.1	0.265 8	263	126	53.9	4
Case 4	33.6	0.243 5	269	3 934	94.9	4
Case 5	40.0	0.100 0	263	2 699	67.9	4

序号	温度/K	高度/m	MVD/μm	LWC/ （g·m^-³）	V/ （m·s^-1）
Case 01	258.00	3 000	15	0.445 5	50
Case 02	268.00	1 200	15	0.697 0	55
Case 03	243.15	6 700	15	0.200 0	60
Case 04	268.15	1 200	25	0.402 7	65
Case 05	258.00	3 000	25	0.227 7	70
Case 06	243.15	6 700	25	0.099 5	75
Case 07	268.00	1 200	35	0.206 7	80
Case 08	258.00	3 000	35	0.117 3	85
Case 09	243.15	6 700	35	0.049 8	90

结冰等级	单位时间结冰厚度/ （mm·min^-1）	水滴收集量/ （kg·s^-1·m^-2）
微量结冰	<0.6	<0.009 2
轻度结冰	0.6~1.1	0.009 2~0.016 8
中度结冰	1.1~2.0	0.016 8~0.030 6
严重结冰	>2.0	>0.030 6

高度层eta	经度/（°）	纬度/（°）	平均高度/m	平均结冰强度/ （mm·min^-1）
5	-70.822 0	44.196 4	1 671	1.26
	-70.240 6	44.548 4
	-70.189 8	44.503 7
	-70.757 3	44.146 0
6	-70.524 6	44.402 0	2 042	1.25
	-70.125 3	44.659 6
	-69.969 3	44.523 2
	-70.382 5	44.275 7
7	-70.130 8	44.623 8	2 414	1.23
	-69.958 0	44.739 2
	-69.872 0	44.667 7
	-70.044 0	44.574 2

Icing test flight area determination method based on surrogated model of water droplet collection

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