结冰翼型前缘下垂变弯度容冰特性改善机制

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2022.27114

Abstract

Abstract:

Traditional aerodynamic optimization method of ice-tolerance encounters difficulties in completely taking into account the contradictory requirements of the conventional flight and icing state for airfoil geometric characteristics. Based on the idea of the variable camber in drooping the leading edge， we propose a new solution to the coordination and decoupling of the aerodynamic and ice-tolerance performance of airfoils. The numerical simulation of post-stall separation of the GLC305-944 iced airfoil before and after drooping the leading edge is conducted with the Improved Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation （IDDES） method. The results show that the stall performance of the iced airfoil is significantly improved after drooping the leading edge， and the suction of the leading edge is recovered in the form of pressure plateau. The structure of the separation bubble is degraded from a global large-scale recirculation region to a local flow structure after the horn while the influence of turbulence fluctuation is controlled in the limited region near the leading edge. Since the horn ice and the local wall form a special cavity structure after the leading edge drooping， both the mixing effect and the momentum transport will be directly induced near the wall after a short development process of the shear-layer vortices， thus the reattachment is effectively promoted. Therefore， the time-average reattachment point is shifted forward and the thickness of the mixing layer is reduced， forming a separation bubble structure with a limited scale. This is the basic mechanism for the improvement of ice-tolerance capacity.

Key words: iced airfoil, drooping leading edge, variable camber, ice-tolerance, separation bubble, shear-layer vortices

CLC Number:

V211.4

Heng ZHANG, Jie LI, Binbin ZHAO. Improvement mechanism of ice-tolerance capacity for iced airfoil with variable camber of drooping leading edge[J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2023, 44(1): 627114-627114.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Table 1

Fig.5

Fig.6

Fig.7

Fig.8

Fig.9

Fig.10

Fig.11

References 26

1	LYNCH F T， KHODADOUST A. Effects of ice accretions on aircraft aerodynamics［J］. Progress in Aerospace Sciences， 2001， 37（8）： 669-767.
2	CEBECI T， KAFYEKE F. Aircraft icing［J］. Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics， 2003， 35： 11-21.
3	禹志龙，李颖晖，郑无计，等. 复杂结冰环境下飞机鲁棒飞行安全包线分析［J］. 航空学报， 2020， 41（1）： 123223.
	YU Z L， LI Y H， ZHENG W J， et al. Robust flight safe envelope analysis for aircraft under complex icing conditions［J］. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica， 2020， 41（1）： 123223 （in Chinese）.
4	BRAGG M， PERKINS W， SARTER N， et al. An interdisciplinary approach to inflight aircraft icing safety［C］∥ 36th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit. Reston： AIAA， 1998： 1998-95.
5	GHISU T， JARRETT J P， PARKS G T. Robust design optimization of airfoils with respect to ice accretion［J］. Journal of Aircraft， 2011， 48（1）： 287-304.
6	LI H R， ZHANG Y F， CHEN H X. Optimization of supercritical airfoil considering the ice-accretion effects［J］. AIAA Journal， 2019， 57（11）： 4650-4669.
7	LI H R， ZHANG Y F， CHEN H X. Optimization design of airfoils under atmospheric icing conditions for UAV［J］. Chinese Journal of Aeronautics， 2022， 35（4）： 118-133.
8	SPILLMAN J J. The use of variable camber to reduce drag， weight and costs of transport aircraft［J］. The Aeronautical Journal， 1992， 96（951）： 1-9.
9	BRAGG M B， KHODADOUST A， SPRING S A. Measurements in a leading-edge separation bubble due to a simulated airfoil ice accretion［J］. AIAA Journal， 1992， 30（6）： 1462-1467.
10	JACOBS J， BRAGG M. Two- and three-dimensional iced airfoil separation bubble measurements by particle image velocimetry［C］∥45th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit. Reston： AIAA， 2007： 2007-88.
11	ZHANG H， LI J， JIANG Y X， et al. Analysis of the expanding process of turbulent separation bubble on an iced airfoil under stall conditions［J］. Aerospace Science and Technology， 2021， 114： 106755.
12	SPALART P R. Comments on the feasibility of LES for wings， and on a hybrid RANS/LES approach［C］∥ Proceedings of the First AFOSR International Conference on DNS/LES. Dayton： Greyden Press， 1997： 137-147.
13	STEBBINS S J， LOTH E， BROEREN A P， et al. Review of computational methods for aerodynamic analysis of iced lifting surfaces［J］. Progress in Aerospace Sciences， 2019， 111： 100583.
14	MENTER F， KUNTZ M， LANGTRY R. Ten years of industrial experience with the SST turbulence model［J］. Turbulence， Heat and Mass Transfer， 2003， 4（1）： 625-632.
15	SHUR M L， SPALART P R， STRELETS M K， et al. A hybrid RANS-LES approach with delayed-DES and wall-modelled LES capabilities［J］. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow， 2008， 29（6）： 1638-1649.
16	NIKITIN N V， NICOUD F， WASISTHO B， et al. An approach to wall modeling in large-eddy simulations［J］. Physics of Fluids， 2000， 12（7）： 1629-1632.
17	HU S F， ZHANG C， LIU H， et al. Study on vortex shedding mode on the wake of horn/ridge ice contamination under high-Reynolds conditions［J］. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers， Part G： Journal of Aerospace Engineering， 2019， 233（13）： 5045-5056.
18	XIAO M C， ZHANG Y F. Improved prediction of flow around airfoil accreted with horn or ridge ice［J］. AIAA Journal， 2021， 59（6）： 2318-2327.
19	SHI W B， LI J， GAO H X， et al. Numerical investigations on drag reduction of a civil light helicopter fuselage［J］. Aerospace Science and Technology， 2020， 106： 106104.
20	ZHANG L， LI J， MOU Y F， et al. Numerical investigation of flow around a multi-element airfoil with hybrid RANS-LES approaches based on SST model［J］. Journal of Mechanics， 2018， 34（2）： 123-134.
21	SHU C W. High order ENO and WENO schemes for computational fluid dynamics［M］∥ High-Order Methods for Computational Physics. Berlin： Springer Berlin Heidelberg， 1999： 439-582.
22	MENTER F R. Two-equation eddy-viscosity turbulence models for engineering applications［J］. AIAA Journal， 1994， 32（8）： 1598-1605.
23	ADDY H， BROEREN A， ZOECKLER J， et al. A wind tunnel study of icing effects on a business jet airfoil［C］∥41st Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit. Reston： AIAA， 2003： 2003-727.
24	BROEREN A P， BRAGG M B， ADDY H E. Flowfield measurements about an airfoil with leading-edge ice shapes［J］. Journal of Aircraft， 2006， 43（4）： 1226-1234.
25	POURYOUSSEFI S G， MIRZAEI M， NAZEMI M M， et al. Experimental study of ice accretion effects on aerodynamic performance of an NACA 23012 airfoil［J］. Chinese Journal of Aeronautics， 2016， 29（3）： 585-595.
26	MIRZAEI M， ARDEKANI M A， DOOSTTALAB M. Numerical and experimental study of flow field characteristics of an iced airfoil［J］. Aerospace Science and Technology， 2009， 13（6）： 267-276.

参数	基准翼型	前缘下垂	变化量
C_L	0.559	0.743	0.184
C_D	0.155	0.043	-0.112
C_m	-0.067	0.004	0.071

[1]	Jiang LAI, Zhaolin FAN, Qian WANG, Siwei DONG, Fulin TONG, Xianxu YUAN. Direct numerical simulation of hypersonic cone-flare model at angle of attack [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(2): 128610-128610.
[2]	Li NONG, Zishuai SHENG, Jun XIAN, Huaibao ZHANG. Numerical simulation of separated flow around iced airfoil based on high⁃order schemes [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2023, 44(S2): 729291-729291.
[3]	Gaojie MA, Gang AN, Youmin SHI, Ning KANG, Junshuai SUN. Advanced technology and development of high lift system for civil aircraft [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2023, 44(S1): 727516-727516.
[4]	Chunpeng LI, Zhansen QIAN, Xiasheng SUN. Trailing edge deformation matrix aerodynamic design for long-range civil aircraft variable camber wing [J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2023, 44(7): 127335-127335.
[5]	Canmin LI, Hexia HUANG, Gang LIANG, Jinghao LYU, Jia CAI, Huijun TAN. Flow control method for impinging shock/boundary-layer interaction based on swept-back cowl configuration [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2023, 44(16): 128091-128091.
[6]	Binbin ZHAO, Heng ZHANG, Jie LI. Review of numerical simulation on complex separated flow of iced airfoil [J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2023, 44(1): 627211-627211.
[7]	TONG Fulin, DONG Siwei, DUAN Junyi, LI Xinliang. Direct numerical simulation of separation bubble in shock wave/turbulent boundary layer interaction [J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2022, 43(7): 125437-125437.
[8]	ZHANG Sheng, YANG Yu, WANG Zhigang, SHI Xintong. Design and validation of eccentric beam for variable camber trailing edge [J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2022, 43(6): 525892-525892.
[9]	WANG Binwen, YANG Yu, QIAN Zhansen, WANG Zhigang, LYU Shuaishuai, SUN Xiasheng. Technical development of variable camber wing: Review [J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2022, 43(1): 24943-024943.
[10]	TONG Fulin, ZHOU Guiyu, SUN Dong, LI Xinliang. Expansion effect on shock wave and turbulent boundary layer interactions [J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2020, 41(9): 123731-123731.
[11]	HE Meng, YANG Tihao, BAI Junqiang, YANG Yixiong. Drag reduction benefits of variable camber technology of airliner based on trailing-edge flap deflection [J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2020, 41(7): 123462-123462.
[12]	YU Huiyong, LI Huafeng, ZENG Jie, XU Zhiwei, HUANG Jiwei, ZHAO Qidi. Monitoring technique for shape reconstruction of variable camber trailing edge based on optical fiber sensors [J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2020, 41(10): 223808-223808.
[13]	LIU Qiang, LIU Qiang, BAI Peng, LI Feng. Aerodynamic characteristics of airfoil and evolution of laminar separation at different Reynolds numbers [J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2017, 38(4): 120338-120338.
[14]	WANG Kelei, ZHU Xiaoping, ZHOU Zhou, WANG Hongbo. Distributed electric propulsion slipstream aerodynamic effects at low Reynolds number [J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2016, 37(9): 2669-2678.
[15]	MENG Xuanshi, YANG Zeren, CHEN Qi, BAI Peng, HU Haiyang. Laminar separation control at low Reynolds numbers using plasma actuation [J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2016, 37(7): 2112-2122.

Improvement mechanism of ice-tolerance capacity for iced airfoil with variable camber of drooping leading edge

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 12

References 26

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments