航空学报 > 2023, Vol. 44 Issue (S2): 729476-729476   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2023.29476

典型微波波段信号在模拟等离子体中的传输特性

马平(), 张宁, 石安华, 于哲峰, 梁世昌, 黄洁   

  1. 中国空气动力研究与发展中心 超高速空气动力研究所,绵阳 621000
  • 收稿日期:2023-08-25 修回日期:2023-08-31 接受日期:2023-10-06 出版日期:2023-10-19 发布日期:2023-10-17
  • 通讯作者: 马平 E-mail:hbmaping@cardc.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(SQ2019YFA0405200);基础加强计划重点研究项目(2020-JCJQ-ZD-072-00-02);国家自然科学基金(12202479)

Transmission characteristics of typical band microwave in experiment⁃simulated plasma

Ping MA(), Ning ZHANG, Anhua SHI, Zhefeng YU, Shichang LIANG, Jie HUANG   

  1. Hypersonic Aerodynamics Institute,China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang 621000,China
  • Received:2023-08-25 Revised:2023-08-31 Accepted:2023-10-06 Online:2023-10-19 Published:2023-10-17
  • Contact: Ping MA E-mail:hbmaping@cardc.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Key Research and Development Program(SQ2019YFA0405200);Key Research Project of Foundation Strengthening Program(2020-JCJQ-ZD-072-00-02);National Natural Science Foundation of China(12202479)

摘要:

根据高速飞行器抗黑障研究需要,开展了等离子体鞘套地面模拟方法及对比分析。选择多功能激波管作为高速飞行器等离子体鞘套地面模拟设备,以导航、测控通信常用频段(L/S/C/Ka)微波作为研究对象,等离子体厚度与微波波长的比例不同,在某些条件下满足薄层等离子体的条件,开展典型波段微波在模拟等离子体鞘套中传输特性研究,为验证理论模型提供技术支持。采用ADE-FDTD方法和薄层传播方法分别对典型波段微波在实验等离子体中传播衰减特性进行计算,计算中电子密度使用测量值、碰撞频率使用测量值。分析了微波频段、等离子体电子密度与碰撞频率等参数对微波传输特性的影响,获得了微波频段、等离子体电子密度与碰撞频率等参数对传输特性的影响规律。研究结果表明:当等离子体层厚大于几倍波长、碰撞频率不太高时,典型波段微波在等离子体中的传输特性与平面波理论预测结果符合较好;在等离子体频率、微波频率和碰撞频率中任意两者数值相近的区域,电子密度和碰撞频率的测量结果对典型波段微波传输特性理论分析影响较大;等离子体厚度大于微波波长时,薄层传播方法预测计算结果与实验测量值差异较大;等离子体厚度小于电磁波波长时,薄层传播方法预测计算结果与实验测量值差异明显减小,两者的趋势相似性较高。

关键词: 高超声速飞行器, 等离子体鞘套, 激波管, 微波, 传输特性

Abstract:

In response to the need for research on anti-blackout of high-speed aircraft, plasma sheath simulation and comparative analysis are carried out. The multi-functional shock tube is selected as the ground simulation equipment for plasma sheath simulation around high-speed aircraft. The propagation characteristics of L/S/C/Ka band microwave in simulated plasma sheath are tested. The propagation attenuation characteristics of microwave in the experimental plasma are calculated by the ADE-FDTD method and the thin layer propagation method. In the calculation, the measured values of electron density and collision frequency are used. The influence of frequency band, plasma electron density and collision frequency on transmission characteristics of microwave are obtained. The results show that when the plasma layer thickness is more than several times the wavelength and the collision frequency is not too high, the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic wave in plasma are in good agreement with the prediction results of plane wave theory. In the region where the plasma frequency, electromagnetic wave frequency and collision frequency are close to each other, the measured results of electron density and collision frequency have great influence on the theoretical analysis of electromagnetic wave propagation characteristics. When the plasma thickness is larger than the electromagnetic wave length, the predicted results of thin layer propagation method are quite different from the experimental ones. When the plasma thickness is less than the electromagnetic wave length, the difference between the predicted results of the thin layer propagation method and the experimental data is obviously reduced, and the trend of similarity between them is high.

Key words: hypersonic vehicle, plasma sheath, shock tube, microwave, propagation characteristic

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