航空学报 > 2023, Vol. 44 Issue (18): 228297-228297   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2023.28297

固体力学与飞行器总体设计

高可靠单向爆破的民机防爆结构设计

冯蕴雯1, 林心怡1, 薛小锋1(), 杨祥2, 刘佳奇1   

  1. 1.西北工业大学 航空学院,西安  710072
    2.中国商用飞机有限责任公司 上海飞机设计研究院,上海  201210
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-22 修回日期:2023-01-30 接受日期:2023-03-03 出版日期:2023-03-06 发布日期:2023-03-03
  • 通讯作者: 薛小锋 E-mail:xuexiaofeng@nwpu.edu.cn

Design of civil aircraft explosion-proof structure for high reliable one-way blasting

Yunwen FENG1, Xinyi LIN1, Xiaofeng XUE1(), Xiang YANG2, Jiaqi LIU1   

  1. 1.School of Aeronautics,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an  710072,China
    2.Shanghai Aircraft Design and Research Institute,Shanghai  201210,China
  • Received:2022-11-22 Revised:2023-01-30 Accepted:2023-03-03 Online:2023-03-06 Published:2023-03-03
  • Contact: Xiaofeng XUE E-mail:xuexiaofeng@nwpu.edu.cn

摘要:

基于适航条款FAR25.795和咨询通告AC25.795-6,结合灾难性故障状态对飞机和乘客的影响程度,确定最小风险炸弹位置(LRBL)结构的设计要求是结构实现单向爆破功能的概率大于1-10-9,提出了一种高可靠单向爆破的LRBL结构的设计技术。首先根据LRBL结构将爆炸产生的能量沿指定方向释放到客舱外部的防爆原理,设计LRBL结构方案是由端盖、罐体以及剪切销三部分组成的圆筒结构,然后利用LS-DYNA软件对内爆作用下LRBL结构的塑性应变进行研究,分别讨论了不同炸药位置和结构尺寸对LRBL结构各危险部位塑性应变的影响,最后开展了LRBL结构实现单方向爆破功能的可靠性分析,利用拉丁超立方抽样获取输入样本,通过爆炸仿真获得输出样本,采用K-S检验分析其概率分布特征,并基于故障树模型计算可靠度。结果表明:所提出的结构厚度为20 mm、剪切销直径为14 mm的LRBL结构设计方案,其实现单方向爆破功能的概率为1-4.07×10-10,能够满足LRBL结构的设计要求,可为国产飞机LRBL结构的适航验证和适航审定提供技术支撑。

关键词: 最小风险炸弹位置, 结构设计, 可靠性分析, 内爆作用, 民机

Abstract:

Based on FAR25.795 and AC25.795-6, and considering the degree of influence of catastrophic failure states on aircraft and passengers, the design of the Least Risk Bomb Location (LRBL) structure requires that the probability of achieving a one-way blasting function for the structure is larger than 1-10-9. A design technology of LRBL structure with high reliability unidirectional blasting is proposed. Firstly, according to the explosion-proof principle of the LRBL structure to release the energy generated by the explosion to the outside of the cabin in the specified direction, the preliminary design of the LRBL structure scheme is a cylinder structure composed of three parts: end cover, tank, and shear pin; secondly, LS-DYNA software is used to study the plastic strain of the LRBL structure under implosion, and the influence of different explosive positions and structural sizes on the plastic strain of each dangerous part of the LRBL structure is discussed. Finally, the reliability analysis of the one-way blasting function of the LRBL structure is carried out, the input sample and the output sample obtained by Latin hypercube sampling and explosion simulation, respectively, the probability distribution characteristics analyzed by the K-S test, and the reliability calculated based on the fault tree model. The results show that the proposed LRBL structure design scheme with a structural thickness of 20 mm and a shear pin diameter of 14 mm has a probability of 1-4.07×10-10 in one direction, satisfying the design requirements of the LRBL structure and providing technical support for the airworthiness verification and airworthiness certification of domestic aircraft LRBL structures.

Key words: least risk bomb location (LRBL), structural design, reliability analysis, implosion effect, civil aircraft

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