超高速干气密封扰流效应及抑扰机制

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2019.23072

流体力学与飞行力学

本期目录 | 过刊浏览 | 高级检索

前一篇 | 后一篇

超高速干气密封扰流效应及抑扰机制

王衍¹, 胡琼¹, 肖业祥^2,3, 黄国庆¹, 朱妍慧¹, 葛云路¹

1. 江苏海洋大学机械与海洋工程学院, 连云港 222005;
2. 清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室, 北京 100084;
3. 清华大学能源与动力工程系, 北京 100084

收稿日期:2019-04-09 修回日期:2019-04-24 出版日期:2019-10-15 发布日期:2019-10-26
通讯作者: 肖业祥 E-mail:xiaoyex@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFC0404200）；国家自然科学基金（51741504，51805199）；江苏省自然科学基金（BK20191471）；江苏省高校"青蓝工程"项目；江苏省"六大人才高峰"项目（GDZB-076）；江苏海洋大学人才引进科研基金（KQ19004）；连云港市"521工程"项目

Turbulence effect and suppression mechanism of dry gas seal at ultra-high speeds

WANG Yan¹, HU Qiong¹, XIAO Yexiang^2,3, HUANG Guoqing¹, ZHU Yanhui¹, GE Yunlu¹

1. School of Mechanical and Ocean Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
3. Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

Received:2019-04-09 Revised:2019-04-24 Online:2019-10-15 Published:2019-10-26
Supported by:
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFC0404200); National Natural Science Foundation of China (51741504, 51805199); Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20191471); Qinglan Project in Jiangsu Province; Six Talents Peaks Project in Jiangsu Province (GDZB-076); Scientific Research Fund for Talent Introduction of Jiangsu Ocean University (KQ19004); "521 Project" of Lianyungang City

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 干气密封在高速时优异的动压性能使其应用范围从传统的压缩机、离心机等中高速设备逐渐扩大到航空发动机、（微型）燃气轮机等超高速设备中。基于实际超高速工况特点，对转速范围为10 000~120 000 r/min时的干气密封性能进行了系统性仿真计算，结果发现：在一定几何参数和工况参数下，类似于气浮轴承的微振动现象，干气密封会出现疑似受气体压力波动流影响的开启力、泄漏量与转速非正相关变化的扰流现象，尤其在高压、大膜厚、小槽深时的扰流效应愈加显著；在转速持续增大过程中，干气密封微尺度流场会出现二次拐点现象，且一次拐点发生转速与设计参数有关，而二次拐点发生转速基本约为90 000 r/min。同时结合导流织构的设计思路，进一步研究了超高速下干气密封槽底导流织构的驱动导流效应，结果表明：加设导流织构后，承载效果明显提高，拐点发生工况延后且压力波动区域被压缩。表明导流织构具有良好的抑制扰流、维持开启力与转速持续正相关的作用，在此基础上，进一步阐释了导流织构的抑扰机制，以期为突破干气密封在超高速工况下的应用壁垒提供新思路。

关键词: 密封, 超高速, 导流织构, 扰流效应, 导流效应

Abstract: The excellent dynamic pressure performance of dry gas seal at high speed enables its application range to gradually expand from the traditional compressor, centrifuge, and other medium-high speed equipment to gas turbine, aero-engine, and other ultra-high speed equipment. Based on the characteristics of actual working conditions of ultra-high speed, the systematic simulation of dry gas seal performance characteristic in the range of 10 000-120 000 r/min are carried out. The results show that under certain geometric parameters and operating conditions, similar to the micro-vibration phenomenon of gas bearing, the open force and leakage rate of dry gas seal are not positively correlated to the rotational speed, which is suspected to be affected by turbulence, and is more significant in high pressure, large film thickness, and small groove depth. In the process of continuous increase of rotating speed, a phenomenon with two flow inflection points will occur in micro-scale flow field of dry gas seal, and the corresponding rotation of the first inflection point varies with design parameters while the second one is almost at 90 000 r/min. Combined with the design thought of diversion texture at the same time, the driving-diversion effect of the diversion texture at the bottom of dry gas seal groove under ultra-high speeds is further studied, and the results show that the bearing effect is significantly improved, the working condition at the inflection point is delayed and the pressure fluctuation area is compressed after adding the diversion texture. The diversion texture has a good effect on suppressing turbulence and maintaining the positive correlation between opening force and rotational speed. On this basis, the disturbance suppression mechanism of diversion texture is further explained to provide a new idea for breaking through the application barrier of dry gas seal in ultra-high speed condition.

Key words: seals, ultra-high speed, diversion texture, turbulence effect, diversion effect

中图分类号:

V231

王衍, 胡琼, 肖业祥, 黄国庆, 朱妍慧, 葛云路. 超高速干气密封扰流效应及抑扰机制[J]. 航空学报, 2019, 40(10): 123072-123072.

WANG Yan, HU Qiong, XIAO Yexiang, HUANG Guoqing, ZHU Yanhui, GE Yunlu. Turbulence effect and suppression mechanism of dry gas seal at ultra-high speeds[J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2019, 40(10): 123072-123072.

参考文献 29

[1]	MILLER B A, GREEN I. Semi-analytical dynamic analysis of spiral-grooved mechanical gas face seals[J]. Journal of Tribology, 2003, 125(2):404-413.
[2]	ALEXANDR K, VLADIMIR D. Experimental investigation dry gas dynamic seals used for gas compressor unit[J]. Procedia Engineering, 2012, 39:379-386.
[3]	DING X X, LU J J. Theoretical analysis and experiment on gas film temperature in a spiral groove dry gas seal under high speed and pressure[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2016, 96:438-450.
[4]	ETSION I, KLIGERMAN Y, HALPERIN G. Analytical and experimental investigation of laser-textured mechanical seal faces[J]. Tribology Transactions, 1999, 42(3):511-516.
[5]	ELESHAKY M E. CFD investigation of pressure depressions in aerostatic circular thrust bearings[J]. Tribology International, 2009, 42(7):1108-1117.
[6]	ZHANG X, CHEN Q, LIU J. Steady characteristics of high-speed micro-gas journal bearings with different gaseous lubricants and extreme temperature difference[J]. Journal of Tribology, 2017, 139(2):1-7.
[7]	AOYAMAE T, KAKINUMA Y, KOBAYASHI Y. Numerical and experimental analysis for the small vibration of aerostatic guideways[J]. CIRP Annals-Manufacturing Technology, 2006, 55(1):419-422.
[8]	YOSHIMURA T, HANAFUSA T, KITAGAWA T, et al. Clarifications of the mechanism of nano-fluctuation of aerostatic thrust bearing with surface restriction[J]. Tribology International, 2012, 48:29-34.
[9]	张鸣, 朱煜, 段广洪. 超精密气浮工件台的微振动及其抑制[J].制造技术与机床, 2005(11):47-49. ZHANG M, ZHU Y, DUAN G H. Micro-vibration of ultra-precision gas bearing linear motion stage and its elimination[J]. Manufacturing Technology and Machine Tool, 2005(11):47-49(in Chinese).
[10]	SLAWOMIR B, ANDRIY V Z. A parametric and dynamic analysis of non-contacting gas face seals with modified surfaces[J]. Tribology International, 2016, 94:126-137.
[11]	MA C B, GU W F, TU Q A, et al. Experimental investigation on frictional property of mechanical seals with varying dimple diameter along the radial face[J]. Advances in Mechanical Engineering,2016, 8(8):1-9.
[12]	MA C B, SUN J J, WANG Y, et al. On the optimum dimple depth-over-diameter ratio for textured surfaces[J]. Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 2017, 9(9):1-8.
[13]	WANG Y, SUN J J, HU Q, et al. Orientation effect of orderly roughness microstructure on spiral groove dry gas seal[J]. Tribology International, 2018, 126:97-105.
[14]	WANG Y, SUN J J, HU Q, et al. Numerical analysis of T-groove dry gas seal with orientation texture at the groove bottom[J]. Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 2019,11(1):1-12.
[15]	刘暾, 刘育华, 陈世杰. 静压气体轴承[M]. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社, 1990:18-27. LIU T, LIU Y H, CHEN S J. Hydrostatic gas lubrication[M]. Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology Press, 1990:18-27(in Chinese).
[16]	宋鹏云. 螺旋槽干气密封端面气膜压力计算方法讨论[J]. 润滑与密封, 2009,34(7):7-9,17. SONG P Y. Discussion about the calculation methods of the gas film pressure of the spiral groove dry gas seals[J]. Lubrication Engineering, 2009,34(7):7-9,17(in Chinese).
[17]	尹晓妮, 彭旭东. 干式气体端面密封性能的有限元分析中形函数的选择[J].润滑与密封, 2006(3):13-14,18. YIN X N, PENG X D. Selection of a shape function in finite element analysis for a spiral groove dry gas seal[J]. Lubrication Engineering, 2006(3):13-14,18(in Chinese).
[18]	郝木明, 李振涛, 任宝杰, 等. 机械密封技术及应用[M]. 北京:中国石化出版社, 2010:6-12. HAO M M, LI Z T, REN B J, et al. Mechanical seal technology and application[M]. Beijing:China Petrochemical Press, 2010:6-12(in Chinese).
[19]	丁雪兴, 富影杰, 张静, 等. 基于CFD的螺旋槽干气密封端面流场流态分析[J]. 排灌机械工程学报, 2010, 28(4):330-334. DING X X, FU Y J, ZHANG J, et al. Fluid state analysis on flow field of gas seal with spiral groove based on CFD[J]. Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering, 2010, 28(4):330-334(in Chinese).
[20]	SUN J J, MA C B, YU Q P, et al. Numerical analysis on a new pump-out hydrodynamic mechanical seal[J]. Tribology International, 2017, 106:62-70.
[21]	WANG B, ZHANG H Q, CAO H J. Flow dynamics of a spiral groove dry gas seal[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2013, 26(1):78-84.
[22]	丁雪兴, 张鹏高, 黄义仿, 等.螺旋槽干气密封微间隙流场的CFD数值模拟[J].化工机械, 2008, 36(5):287-290. DING X X, ZHANG P G, HUANG Y F, et al. Numerical simulation of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CDF) of the micro-scale flow field in the spiral groove dry gas seals[J]. Chemical Engineering & Machinery, 2008, 36(5):287-290(in Chinese).
[23]	王福军. 计算流体动力学分析:CFD软件原理与应用[M]. 北京:清华大学出版社, 2004:116-126. WANG F J. Computational fluid dynamics analysis:Theory and application of CFD software[M]. Beijing:Tsinghua University Press, 2004:116-126(in Chinese).
[24]	ANSYS Inc. FLUENT user's guide[M]. Pittsburgh,PA:ANSYS Inc., 2003.
[25]	IBRAHIM S, MOHAMED G, MOHAMED A, et al. Three dimensional computational study for spiral dry gas seal with constant groove depth and different tapered grooves[J]. Procedia Engineering, 2013, 68:205-212.
[26]	MA C H, BAI S X, PENG X D. Thermoelastohydrodynamic characteristics of T-grooves gas face seals[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2016,102:277-286.
[27]	王衍, 孙见君, 胡琼, 等. 基于微尺度造型的干气密封流动有序性数值分析[J]. 摩擦学学报, 2018, 38(6):673-683. WANG Y, SUN J J, HU Q, et al. Numerical analysis of dry gas seal flow orderliness based on microstructure modeling[J]. Tribology, 2018, 38(6):673-683(in Chinese).
[28]	江锦波. 高速干气密封端面型槽仿生设计理论与实验研究[D]. 杭州:浙江工业大学, 2016:52-63. JIANG J B. Theoretical and experimental study of the bionic design of grooved surface of a high speed dry gas seal[D]. Hangzhou:Zhejiang University of Technology, 2016:52-63(in Chinese).
[29]	王衍, 孙见君, 陶凯, 等. T型槽干气密封数值分析及槽型优化[J]. 摩擦学学报, 2014, 34(4):420-427. WANG Y, SUN J J, TAO K, et al. Numerical analysis of T-groove dry gas seal and groove optimization[J]. Tribology, 2014, 34(4):420-427(in Chinese).

E-mail：hkxb@buaa.edu.cn

关于我们

期刊社服务

专业学科

封面文章

友情链接

主管单位：中国科学技术协会主办单位：中国航空学会北京航空航天大学

超高速干气密封扰流效应及抑扰机制

Turbulence effect and suppression mechanism of dry gas seal at ultra-high speeds

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献 29

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	司和勇, 王瑶俐, 曹丽华, 陈东超. 超临界二氧化碳涡轮升速过渡中密封-转子系统的动力学行为[J]. 航空学报, 2024, 45(2): 228652-228652.
[2]	张国渊, 黎旭康, 赵伟刚, 赵洋洋, 王俊倩. 低温高速动静结合型机械密封两相流仿真与实验[J]. 航空学报, 2023, 44(23): 628229-628229.
[3]	刘欣, 杨景超, 李恒, 张艳红, 杨智伟, 谷箐菲, 李光俊, 黄丹. 管路构件塑性变形连接技术研究进展及挑战[J]. 航空学报, 2022, 43(4): 525258-525258.
[4]	孙丹, 李浩, 赵欢, 张国臣, 李玉, 冯毓钟. 刷式密封摩擦热效应数值与实验研究[J]. 航空学报, 2022, 43(12): 425973-425973.
[5]	张万福, 王应飞, 张晓斌, 杨兴辰, 李春. 基于阻抗法的密封动力特性系数实验识别[J]. 航空学报, 2022, 43(1): 424719-424719.
[6]	黄镜玮, 付维亮, 马国骏, 王国杰, 高杰. 受轮缘密封结构影响的1.5级涡轮封严流与主流的相互作用以及轮缘密封间流动干扰[J]. 航空学报, 2021, 42(7): 124549-124549.
[7]	孙丹, 王平, 赵欢, 张国臣, 肖忠会, 孟继纲. 新型浮动式收敛袋型密封自适应同心性能数值与实验研究[J]. 航空学报, 2020, 41(3): 423270-423270.
[8]	王应飞, 张万福, 潘渤, 李春. 转子倾斜对交错式迷宫密封动静特性的影响[J]. 航空学报, 2020, 41(11): 123782-123782.
[9]	孙丹, 杜宸宇, 刘永泉, 战鹏, 信琦. 刷式密封刷丝变形与振动特性实验[J]. 航空学报, 2020, 41(10): 123364-123364.
[10]	赵欢, 焦忠泽, 孙丹, 刘永泉, 战鹏, 信琦. 多级刷式密封级间压降分配影响因素数值与实验研究[J]. 航空学报, 2020, 41(10): 123544-123544.
[11]	张国渊, 党佳琦, 赵伟刚, 赵洋洋. 高速水润滑机械密封的两相流热振动现象[J]. 航空学报, 2019, 40(3): 422532-422532.
[12]	刘源, 庞宝君, 迟润强, 才源. 基于声发射的铝蜂窝板超高速撞击损伤模式识别方法[J]. 航空学报, 2017, 38(5): 220401-220401.
[13]	孙丹, 王猛飞, 艾延廷, 肖忠会, 孟继纲, 李云. 蜂窝密封泄漏特性理论与实验[J]. 航空学报, 2017, 38(4): 420512-420512.
[14]	潘立新, 杨家勇, 王曼, 孔斌. 高超声速飞行器舵面作动器舱环境设计及应用[J]. 航空学报, 2016, 37(S1): 46-52.
[15]	周凯, 汪球, 胡宗民, 姜宗林. 爆轰驱动膨胀管性能研究[J]. 航空学报, 2016, 37(3): 810-816.