面向空心涡轮叶片的氧化铝基陶瓷铸型高温强化制造

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2014.0029

材料工程与机械制造

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面向空心涡轮叶片的氧化铝基陶瓷铸型高温强化制造

刘涛^1,2, 鲁中良^1,2, 苗恺¹, 李涤尘¹

1. 西安交通大学机械制造系统工程国家重点实验室, 陕西西安 710049;
2. 先进航空发动机协同创新中心, 北京 100191

收稿日期:2013-12-24 修回日期:2014-03-11 出版日期:2014-07-25 发布日期:2014-03-28
通讯作者: 鲁中良，Tel.：029-82665126E-mail：zllu@mail.xjtu.edu.cn E-mail:zllu@mail.xjtu.edu.cn
作者简介:刘涛男，硕士研究生。主要研究方向：空心涡轮叶片先进制造技术。E-mail：xajdlt@stu.xjtu.edu.cn；鲁中良男，博士，副教授。主要研究方向：空心涡轮叶片先进制造技术及关键设备、金属基/陶瓷基复合材料航空零件先进制造技术。Tel：029-82665126E-mail：zllu@mail.xjtu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家“973”计划(2013CB035703);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金

High-temperature Strengthening Manufacturing of Alumina-based Ceramic Molds Used for Hollow Turbine Blades

LIU Tao^1,2, LU Zhongliang^1,2, MIAO Kai¹, LI Dichen¹

1. State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China;
2. Co-Innovation Center for Advanced Aero-Engine, Beijing 100191, China

Received:2013-12-24 Revised:2014-03-11 Online:2014-07-25 Published:2014-03-28
Supported by:
National Basic Research Program of China (2013CB035703);The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对航空空心叶片氧化铝基陶瓷铸型高温性能较差的问题，研究了不同浸渍材料对氧化铝基陶瓷铸型高温性能的影响规律。结果表明：未经强化处理的陶瓷铸型力学性能较差，高温（1 500℃）强度不足0.5 MPa，室温（20℃）强度不足10 MPa。经硅溶胶、硅酸乙酯水解液、YCl₃溶液以及MgCl₂溶液4种不同浸渍液强化处理后陶瓷铸型力学性能有不同程度的提高，其中YCl₃溶液以及MgCl₂溶液强化效果不理想，陶瓷铸型力学性能没有明显改善，且MgCl₂溶液浸渍强化后陶瓷铸型存在较大的体积膨胀，不能满足使用要求；硅溶胶、硅酸乙酯水解液浸渍强化可显著改善陶瓷铸型的高温性能，硅溶胶强化处理后，陶瓷铸型1 500℃高温强度可达10 MPa左右，满足空心涡轮叶片定向凝固过程中对铸型高温强度的要求。通过复合浸渍的方法制造了一体化陶瓷铸型并成功浇铸了空心涡轮叶片。

关键词: 涡轮, 整体式陶瓷铸型, 氧化铝基陶瓷, 高温强度, 浸渍强化

Abstract:

To solve the problem that alumina-based ceramic molds usually perform badly at high temperature, different kinds of impregnating materials have been compared. Results show that molds without strengthening perform badly with the strength less than 0.5 MPa (1 500℃) and 10 MPa (20℃), while molds with strengthening perform differently. Molds impregnated with YCl₃ or MgCl₂ solution are not ideal, and there is a big expansion in the molds impregnated with MgCl₂ solution, which do not meet the application requirements. While by impregnating with silica solution or ethyl silicate hydrolyzate, the mechanical property of ceramic molds can be improved significantly. After impregnating with silica solution, the high-temperature strength is improved to 10 MPa (1 500℃), meeting the demand of fabricating blades during unidirectional solidification. Shrinkage of the molds is restrained by compound impregnating, and at last a hollow turbine blade is successfully fabricated by casting.

Key words: turbines, integral ceramic mold, alumina-based ceramic, high-temperature strength, impregnating strengthen

中图分类号:

刘涛, 鲁中良, 苗恺, 李涤尘. 面向空心涡轮叶片的氧化铝基陶瓷铸型高温强化制造[J]. 航空学报, 2014, 35(7): 2072-2080.

LIU Tao, LU Zhongliang, MIAO Kai, LI Dichen. High-temperature Strengthening Manufacturing of Alumina-based Ceramic Molds Used for Hollow Turbine Blades[J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2014, 35(7): 2072-2080.

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E-mail：hkxb@buaa.edu.cn

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主管单位：中国科学技术协会主办单位：中国航空学会北京航空航天大学

面向空心涡轮叶片的氧化铝基陶瓷铸型高温强化制造

High-temperature Strengthening Manufacturing of Alumina-based Ceramic Molds Used for Hollow Turbine Blades

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