关键词: 航空发动机, 气路故障诊断, 控制系统故障诊断, 解析余度, 健康管理

Abstract: Fault diagnosis of aero-engine gas-path components and control systems provides essential support for ensuring flight safety and enabling condition-based engine maintenance. This paper systematically reviews the research progress in fault diagnosis of gas-path components, sensors, and actuators worldwide. First, the definitions, mechanisms, and interrelationships of gradual degradation and abrupt faults in gas-path components, as well as sensor and actuator faults in control systems, are clarified. Subsequently, following the methodological routes of model-driven, data-driven, and information-fusion/hybrid-driven approaches, the research progress in fault diagnosis of gas-path components and control systems is reviewed separately. The advantages and limitations of different methods in fault detection, isolation, magnitude estimation, and signal reconstruction are comparatively analyzed. For control-system fault diagnosis, the supporting role of analytical redundancy is further discussed. Finally, the major challenges facing fault diagnosis of gas-path components and control systems are summarized, and future development trends are presented.

Key words: aero-engine, gas-path fault diagnosis, control system fault diagnosis, analytical redundancy, health management