亚声速电磁橇逆向合成射流气动减阻分析--流动控制与热管理

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2026.33491

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亚声速电磁橇逆向合成射流气动减阻分析--流动控制与热管理

屈鸣鹤¹,王连春¹,李杰¹,周岩²,周丹峰¹,王凯文¹,刘源园²

1. 国防科技大学智能科学学院
2. 国防科技大学空天科学学院

收稿日期:2026-02-09 修回日期:2026-04-28 出版日期:2026-04-30 发布日期:2026-04-30
通讯作者: 李杰
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金;湖南省科技创新计划资助;湖南省研究生科研创新项目

Aerodynamic drag reduction analysis of subsonic electromagnetic sled with reverse synthetic jet

Received:2026-02-09 Revised:2026-04-28 Online:2026-04-30 Published:2026-04-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对电磁橇运行过程中气动阻力时变的挑战，提出一种基于活塞式合成射流的主动流动控制减阻方法。通过热线测速实验与全尺寸橇车-轨道耦合模型实验验证了本文模拟方法的准确性，系统研究了射流激励器驱动频率、射流速度分布特征及其逆向射流对橇车磁体迎风面流场特性的影响规律。研究结果表明：活塞式合成射流的峰值流速与驱动频率呈现显著的非线性演化特征，采用三次多项式拟合可实现对流速特性的高精度表征。在0.5Ma来流条件下，通过合成射流与来流的非定常相互作用实现流场拓扑重构，在钝头体前缘产生涡环，形成等效虚拟导流罩外形可有效抑制了橇车磁体迎风面高压堆积，达到减小压差阻力的效果。数值仿真中还发现，同步射流减阻效果受射流强度及其空间梯度影响显著，非同步逆向射流还能有效抑制同步射流引起的阻力大幅波动。

关键词: 合成射流, 电磁橇, 逆向射流, 涡环演化, 等效虚拟外形, 气动减阻

Abstract: To address the challenge of time-varying aerodynamic drag during the operation of electromagnetic launchers, an active flow control drag reduction method based on piston-type synthetic jets is proposed. The accuracy of the simulation method in this paper is verified through hot-wire anemometry experiments and full-scale sled-track coupling model experiments. The influence laws of the driving frequency of the jet actuator, the velocity distribution characteristics of the jet, and the reverse jet on the flow field characteristics of the windward surface of the sled magnet are systematically studied. The research results show that the peak velocity of the piston-type synthetic jet and the driving frequency exhibit significant nonlinear evolution characteristics, and the velocity characteristics can be accurately characterized by cubic polynomial fitting. Under a 0.5Ma incoming flow condition, the flow field topology is reconstructed through the unsteady interaction between the synthetic jet and the incoming flow, generating a vortex ring at the leading edge of the blunt body and forming an equivalent virtual deflector shape, which effectively suppresses the high-pressure accumulation on the windward surface of the sled magnet and reduces the pressure difference drag. Numerical simulations also reveal that the drag reduction effect of synchronous jets is significantly affected by the jet intensity and its spatial gradient, and asynchronous reverse jets can effectively suppress the large fluctuations in drag caused by synchronous jets.

Key words: Synthetic jet, Electromagnetic sled, Reverse jet, Vortex ring evolution, Equivalent virtual shape, Aerodynamic drag reduction

中图分类号:

屈鸣鹤王连春李杰周岩周丹峰王凯文刘源园. 亚声速电磁橇逆向合成射流气动减阻分析--流动控制与热管理[J]. 航空学报, doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2026.33491.

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亚声速电磁橇逆向合成射流气动减阻分析--流动控制与热管理

Aerodynamic drag reduction analysis of subsonic electromagnetic sled with reverse synthetic jet

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