关键词: 变体飞行器, 变翼尖机翼, 气动特性, 结构响应, 操控特性, 智能材料与结构

Abstract: The wingtip has an important influence on the aerodynamic performance and control performance of the aircraft. In different flight stages such as take-off, climb, cruise, and descent, the aircraft has different requirements for the geo-metric parameters of the wingtip. Morphing wingtip technology is a multi-functional, local morphing technology that can be used to improve wing aerodynamic performance, improve fuel efficiency, reduce gust loads, and enhance control performance. This paper classifies the technical benefits of morphing wingtip from three aspects of aerodynamic char-acteristics, structural response and control characteristics, and discusses the current research status of morphing wingtip technology from two perspectives of wingtip deformation form, material and structure composition. In addition, this article points out that morphing wingtip technology is developing towards multifunctional integration, combined deformation and intelligence. This article also proposes four key technologies that need to be solved urgently for morphing wingtip technology, including high-output actuator system, deformation/loading integrative skins, global aer-odynamic optimization, and intelligent control technology, and analyzes the technical characteristics and research difficulties of each key technology.

Key words: morphing aircraft, morphing wingtip, aerodynamic characteristics, structural response, control characteristics, smart materials and structure