首页 >

变翼尖机翼技术的研究现状与发展趋势

李斌1,张泽南2,贾飞2,孙健2,刘彦菊3,冷劲松1   

  1. 1. 哈尔滨工业大学复合材料与结构研究所
    2. 哈尔滨工业大学
    3. 哈尔滨工业大学航天科学与力学系
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-29 修回日期:2024-03-14 出版日期:2024-03-19 发布日期:2024-03-19
  • 通讯作者: 孙健
  • 基金资助:
    哈尔滨工业大学科研创新基金项目;国家自然基金青年项目

Research status and Development Trend of Morphing Wingtip Technology

  • Received:2023-12-29 Revised:2024-03-14 Online:2024-03-19 Published:2024-03-19

摘要: 机翼翼尖对飞行器的气动性能和操控性能有重要影响,在起飞、爬升、巡航、下降等不同飞行阶段,飞行器对机翼翼尖几何参数有不同需求。变翼尖机翼技术是一种多功能、局部变体技术,可用于提升机翼气动性能、提高燃油效率、减轻阵风载荷、强化操控性能等用途。从气动特性、结构响应和操控特性三方面,对变翼尖机翼技术效益进行梳理,从翼尖变形形式、材料与结构组成两个角度,展开对变翼尖机翼技术研究现状的讨论,指出变翼尖机翼技术正在向多功能集成、组合变形和智能化方向发展。提出变翼尖机翼技术亟需解决的四项关键技术,即全局气动优化、变形/承载一体化蒙皮技术、高效驱动系统设计、智能控制技术,分析了各项关键技术的技术特点和研究难点。

关键词: 变体飞行器, 变翼尖机翼, 气动特性, 结构响应, 操控特性, 智能材料与结构

Abstract: The wingtip has an important influence on the aerodynamic performance and control performance of the aircraft. In different flight stages such as take-off, climb, cruise, and descent, the aircraft has different requirements for the geo-metric parameters of the wingtip. Morphing wingtip technology is a multi-functional, local morphing technology that can be used to improve wing aerodynamic performance, improve fuel efficiency, reduce gust loads, and enhance control performance. This paper classifies the technical benefits of morphing wingtip from three aspects of aerodynamic char-acteristics, structural response and control characteristics, and discusses the current research status of morphing wingtip technology from two perspectives of wingtip deformation form, material and structure composition. In addition, this article points out that morphing wingtip technology is developing towards multifunctional integration, combined deformation and intelligence. This article also proposes four key technologies that need to be solved urgently for morphing wingtip technology, including high-output actuator system, deformation/loading integrative skins, global aer-odynamic optimization, and intelligent control technology, and analyzes the technical characteristics and research difficulties of each key technology.

Key words: morphing aircraft, morphing wingtip, aerodynamic characteristics, structural response, control characteristics, smart materials and structure

中图分类号: