航空学报 > 2023, Vol. 44 Issue (21): 529170-529170   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2023.29170

肼基单组元火箭发动机的动态响应

蒋耀东1,2, 徐全勇2(), 马玉林1, 程瑶3   

  1. 1.辽宁工程技术大学 力学与工程学院,阜新 123000
    2.清华大学 航空发动机研究院,北京 100084
    3.辽宁工程技术大学 创新实践学院,阜新 123000
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-14 修回日期:2023-07-11 接受日期:2023-09-13 出版日期:2023-11-15 发布日期:2023-09-22
  • 通讯作者: 徐全勇 E-mail:xuquanyong@tsinghua.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技重大专项(J2019-V-0001-0092)

Dynamic response of hydrazine⁃based monocomponent rocket engine

Yaodong JIANG1,2, Quanyong XU2(), Yulin MA1, yao CHENG3   

  1. 1.School of Mechanics and Engineering,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin 123000,China
    2.Aircraft Engine Research Institute,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China
    3.School of Innovation and Practice,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin 123000,China
  • Received:2023-06-14 Revised:2023-07-11 Accepted:2023-09-13 Online:2023-11-15 Published:2023-09-22
  • Contact: Quanyong XU E-mail:xuquanyong@tsinghua.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Science and Technology Major Project(J2019-V-0001-0092)

摘要:

单组元火箭发动机是航天器姿态调整和轨道控制的重要元件。针对肼基单组元火箭发动机对入口流量变化形式的动态响应,建立发动机推力室内推进剂的流动、分解和传热仿真模型,并利用这些模型对发动机进行了3种不同推进剂供给方式(稳态式供给、线性式供给和脉冲式供给)的数值模拟与计算分析。计算结果表明:发动机各点的温度会因位置差异而对入口流量的响应变化存在不同。压强、速度和推力对入口流量变化的响应非常迅速,三者在总体上的变化趋势与入口流量的变化趋势保持同步。速度和推力在稳态式供给和脉冲式供给中都存在高于起动阶段稳定值的尖峰,在稳态式供给中,速度和推力尖峰分别高出起动阶段稳定值的8.6%和4.7%,在脉冲式供给中,第1次脉冲阶段,速度和推力尖峰分别高出起动阶段稳定值的6.2%和3.0%,第2次脉冲阶段,速度和推力尖峰分别高出起动阶段稳定值的9.3%和5.2%。

关键词: 肼, 动态响应, 推进剂供给, 推力, 单组元火箭发动机

Abstract:

Monocomponent rocket engines are important elements for attitude adjustment and orbit control of space-craft. According to the dynamic response of hydrazine-based monocomponent rocket engine to the change form of inlet flow, a simulation model of propellant flow, decomposition and heat transfer in the thrust chamber of the engine is established, and the numerical simulation and calculation analysis of three different propellant supply modes (steady-state supply, linear supply and pulse supply) of the engine are carried out by using these models. The result is that the temperature at each point of the engine will vary in response to the inlet flow due to the difference in position. The response of pressure, velocity and thrust to changes in inlet flow rate is very rapid, and the overall trend of the three remains synchronized with the trend of inlet flow rate changes. There are spikes in velocity and thrust that are higher than the stable values during the start-up phase in both steady-state and pulse supply, in the steady-state supply, the velocity and thrust spikes are 8.6% and 4.7% higher than the stable value of the start-up phase, respectively, in the pulsed supply, the velocity and thrust spikes are 6.2% and 3.0% higher than the stable value of the start-up phase, respectively, in the first pulse phase, the velocity and thrust spikes are 6.2% and 3.0% higher than the stable value of the start-up phase, respectively, and the second pulse phase, the velocity and thrust spikes are 9.3% and 5.2% higher than the stable value of the start-up phase, respectively.

Key words: hydrazine, dynamic response, propellant supply, thrust, monocomponent rocket engine

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