精密复杂曲面零件多轴数控加工技术研究进展

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2020.24867

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精密复杂曲面零件多轴数控加工技术研究进展

徐金亭¹, 牛金波², 陈满森², 孙玉文²

1. 大连理工大学汽车工程学院, 大连 116024;
2. 大连理工大学机械工程学院, 大连 116024

收稿日期:2020-10-12 修回日期:2020-10-16 发布日期:2020-12-08
通讯作者: 孙玉文 E-mail:ywsun@dlut.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（91948203，51975097）；辽宁省自然科学基金（20180520030，2019-BS-045）

Research progress in multi-axis CNC machining of precision complex curved parts

XU Jinting¹, NIU Jinbo², CHEN Mansen², SUN Yuwen²

1. School of Automotive Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China;
2. School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China

Received:2020-10-12 Revised:2020-10-16 Published:2020-12-08
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (91948203, 51975097); Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province (20180520030, 2019-BS-045)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 多轴数控（CNC）加工是现代工业中的标志性加工技术，在能源、动力、国防、运载工具、航空航天等制造领域的关键零部件加工中占据着主导地位。随着这些领域中高端装备性能要求越来越高，涌现出一大批加工难度大、性能指标要求苛刻的精密复杂曲面零件，其加工已由以往单纯的形位精度要求，跃升为形位与性能指标并重的高性能加工要求，给传统的复杂曲面零件数控加工技术带来了严峻挑战。针对精密复杂曲面零件形位精度保证、加工效率提升及动态切削过程可控等关键技术问题，从多轴数控加工的高效加工路径设计、进给率规划以及加工动力学分析等方面，详细论述相关加工技术的研究现状、存在的难点和核心问题，指出可行的解决途径、突破方向和未来的发展趋势，为实现复杂曲面零件的高性能数控加工提供参考和依据。

关键词: 复杂曲面, 数控加工, 刀具路径, 进给率, 加工动力学

Abstract: Multi-axis Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machining is an iconic manufacturing technology in modern industry, which dominates the manufacturing of key components in the fields of energy, power, national defense, vehicles, aerospace, etc. In these fields, the requirement for high-end equipment is strict, so that a large number of precision and complex curved parts with considerable machining difficulty and tight performance tolerances have emerged. The machining requirements for these parts have been evolving from simple shape and position accuracy in the past towards high performance requirements that place equal emphasis on accuracy and performance. This brings severe challenges to the traditional CNC machining technology for complex curved parts. The state of the art and difficulties of the key technical issues such as accuracy guarantee, improvement of machining efficiency and control of the dynamic cutting process are discussed in terms of tool path planning, feedrate scheduling and dynamics analysis of CNC machining processes. Then, the feasible routes, breakthrough direction and future development trend are also expounded, so as to provide an effective reference and guidance for high performance machining of precision complex curved parts.

Key words: complex surface, CNC machining, tool path, feedrate, machining dynamics

中图分类号:

V261

徐金亭, 牛金波, 陈满森, 孙玉文. 精密复杂曲面零件多轴数控加工技术研究进展[J]. 航空学报, 2021, 42(10): 524867-524867.

XU Jinting, NIU Jinbo, CHEN Mansen, SUN Yuwen. Research progress in multi-axis CNC machining of precision complex curved parts[J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2021, 42(10): 524867-524867.

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精密复杂曲面零件多轴数控加工技术研究进展

Research progress in multi-axis CNC machining of precision complex curved parts

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