关键词: 电动飞机, 分布式电推进, 飞机设计, 环境要求, 尺度独立性, 按需航空

Abstract: The distributed electric propulsion system, which uses electric power to drive multiple propulsors as the aircraft power device, is widely considered a disruptive technology in the aviation field because of its great potential in improving aerodynamic efficiency, carrying capacity, environmental protection, and robustness of aircraft. This paper presents a survey on the research and academic progress of distributed electric propulsion aircraft design technology from the perspective of professional division for aircraft engineering design, based on a preliminary study of the advantages and disadvantages of electric aircraft, the scale independence of electric propulsion system, as well as the classification of distributed electric propulsion aircraft. This design technology involves aircraft conceptual/preliminary design, aerodynamic design, structural design, system and support facility design. With continuous improvements in battery energy density, motor and controller power density, and the miniaturization and lightweight of related airborne electrical equipment, the distributed electric propulsion general aircraft basically owns the market-oriented ability in on-demand aviation. Despite certain challenges, this technology provides more trade-off space and possibility for future aircraft design.

Key words: electric aircraft, distributed electric propulsion, aircraft design, environmental requirements, scale independence, on-demand aviation