航空学报 > 2014, Vol. 35 Issue (12): 3264-3272   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2014.0037

离心压气机自循环机匣处理扩稳机理分析

康剑雄1,2, 黄国平1, 朱俊强2, 温殿忠3   

  1. 1. 南京航空航天大学 能源与动力学院 江苏省航空动力系统重点实验室, 江苏 南京 210016;
    2. 中国科学院 工程热物理研究所 轻型动力重点实验室, 北京 100190;
    3. 中航工业航空动力机械研究所, 湖南 株洲 412002
  • 收稿日期:2013-12-30 修回日期:2014-04-01 出版日期:2014-12-25 发布日期:2014-04-16
  • 通讯作者: 黄国平 男, 博士, 教授, 博士生导师.主要研究方向: 叶轮机气体动力学, 微型发动机技术, 高超声速推进系统.Tel: 025-84890912, E-mail:hgp@nuaa.edu.cn E-mail:hgp@nuaa.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:康剑雄 男, 博士研究生.主要研究方向: 推进系统内流流动控制.Tel: 025-84896887,E-mail: kjx_nuaa@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(51206163)

Mechanism Analysis of Stability Enhancement by Self-recirculating Casing Treatment for Centrifugal Compressor

KANG Jianxiong1,2, HUANG Guoping1, ZHU Junqiang2, WEN Dianzhong3   

  1. 1. Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Aerospace Power System, College of Energy and Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Light-duty Gas-turbine, Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
    3. AVIC Aviation Powerplant Research Institute, Zhuzhou 412002, China
  • Received:2013-12-30 Revised:2014-04-01 Online:2014-12-25 Published:2014-04-16
  • Supported by:

    National Natural Science Foundation of China (51206163)

摘要:

自循环机匣处理能大幅提高离心压气机的稳定工作裕度,其回流的抽吸和二次注入具有明显的宏观流动特征.将主流按与二次注入流是否发生掺混分为掺混主流和无掺混主流两股流体,并将离心叶轮按导风轮和工作轮两个压缩部件对自循环机匣处理的作用机理分别进行了分析.数值模拟结果表明:回流流量、回流二次注入的预旋角以及二次注入流占用主流道流通面积的大小是自循环机匣处理扩稳的3个重要因素;二次注入流通过直接掺混和挤占流道使主流收缩加速两种方式减小了导风轮的进气攻角;机匣处理同时加大了导风轮和工作轮尖部的流通能力,抑制了导风轮的叶尖分离,改变了导风轮展向的载荷分布,在减小导风轮尖部载荷的同时提高了工作轮叶尖的做功能力,从而延缓了流动失稳的发生.

关键词: 自循环, 机匣处理, 抽吸, 注入, 失速裕度, 离心压气机

Abstract:

Self-recirculating casing treatment is known to increase the stable operating range of centrifugal compressors. Suction and reinjection of backflow have obvious macro-flow features. The main flow can be considered as two parts. One is mixed with the backflow, and the other is not. The rotor can be seen as inducer and impeller. The casing treatment has different effects on them. Flow field simulation is carried to show that the quantity, the area, and the reinjected angle of backflow are three important factors. It is found that the reinjection of backflow can decrease angle of attack by mixing and accelerating the main flow. The casing treatment can enhance flow capacity, take away tip separation and alter span loading distribution of the rotor. With casing treatment, tip loading is decreased for inducer and the ability to do work is improved for tip region of impeller. Thus, the onset of flow instability is delayed.

Key words: self-recirculating, casing treatment, suction, injection, stall margin, centrifugal compressor

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