收稿日期:
2023-03-31
修回日期:
2023-05-07
接受日期:
2023-07-05
出版日期:
2024-02-15
发布日期:
2023-07-28
通讯作者:
陈鹏
E-mail:cooper_chenpeng@163.com
基金资助:
Received:
2023-03-31
Revised:
2023-05-07
Accepted:
2023-07-05
Online:
2024-02-15
Published:
2023-07-28
Contact:
Peng CHEN
E-mail:cooper_chenpeng@163.com
Supported by:
摘要:
随着飞机电气化进程的不断推进,永磁同步电机(PMSMs)因为优异的性能被广泛地应用于机上各种电驱动系统。而在电机矢量控制的诸多技术中,精确的转子初始位置辨识对其平稳起动与最大转矩运行意义重大。在对各种初始位置辨识方法进行分析和归纳后,从有位置传感器与无位置传感器2个方向,对永磁同步电机初始位置辨识方法进行了全面综述。首先,把有位置传感器的初始位置辨识方法总结为转子静止型与转子微动型2种,比较了各种有位置传感器辨识方法的异同点;然后,根据注入信号是否连续,将无位置传感器的转子初始位置辨识方法划分为高频电压注入法和脉冲电压注入法2大类,并选择脉振高频电压注入法对转子初始位置辨识效果进行了验证;最后,对永磁同步电机初始位置辨识方法的发展趋势进行了展望。
中图分类号:
马瑞卿, 陈鹏. 永磁同步电机初始位置辨识方法研究与进展[J]. 航空学报, 2024, 45(3): 28776-028776.
Ruiqing MA, Peng CHEN. Research and development trend of initial position identification methods for permanent magnet synchronous motors[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(3): 28776-028776.
表 3
基于高频电压注入的转子初始位置辨识方法
方法 | 注入信号类型 | 位置获取方式 | 特征 | 注入信号频率 | 滤波器 | 位置观测器 | 转子状态 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
旋转高频电压注入法[ | 正弦波 | 负序电流分量 | 相位调制 | 低 | 同步轴滤波器 | 需要 | 静止 |
脉振高频电压注入法[ | 正弦波 | 估计的q轴电流 | 幅值调制 | 低 | 带通,低通滤波器 | 需要 | 静止 |
高频方波电压注入法[ | 方波 | 估计的q轴电流 | 幅值调制 | 高 | 无滤波器 | 需要 | 静止 |
零序列电压法[ | 正弦波[ 方波[ | 零序列电压零序列电压 | 相位调制 幅值调制 | 低 高 | 低通滤波器[ 无滤波器[ | 需要需要 | 静止静止 |
高频注入直接比较法[ | 正弦波 | 比较相电流 幅值大小关系 | 直接比较 | 低 | 低通滤波器[ 无滤波器[ | 不需要 不需要 | 静止 静止 |
表 4
基于脉冲电压注入法的转子初始位置辨识
方法 | 位置获取方式 | 导通方式 | 脉冲个数 | 估计误差/(°) | 传感器 | 南北极辨识 | 转子状态 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
基于电流响应的辨识方法 | d轴电流峰值检测[ | SVPWM | 21 | 0.937 5 | 2个相电流传感器 | 需要 | 静止 |
相电流峰值检测[ | 三相导通 | 6 | 7 | 2个相电流传感器 | 需要 | 静止 | |
相电流比较[ | 三相导通 | 3 | 15 | 2个相电流传感器 | 需要 | 静止 | |
母线电流比较[ | 三相导通 | 5 | 30 | 母线电流检测 | 不需要 | 静止 | |
基于电压比较的辨识方法 | 非导通相电压变化[ | 两相导通 | 3 | 60 | 3个端电压检测电路 | 不需要 | 静止 |
非导通相电压变化[ | 两相导通 | 3 | 30 | 2个端电压检测电路, 母线电流检测 | 需要 | 静止 | |
母线电压变化大小[ | 两相导通 | 6 | 30 | 1个母线电压检测电路 | 不需要 | 静止 | |
非导通相电压计算[ | 两相导通 | 3 | 1 | 3个端电压检测电路 | 不需要 | 静止 | |
基于电感计算的辨识方法 | 线电感值[ | 两相导通 | 3 | 5 | 2个相电流传感器 | 需要 | 静止 |
线电感基波分量 二次谐波分量[ | 两相导通 | 6 | 3.82 3.57 | 2个相电流传感器2个相电流传感器 | 不需要不需要 | 静止静止 |
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