机场管制空域内无人机运行安全风险评估

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2024.31276

Abstract

Abstract:

Aiming at the scenario of the integrated operation of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles （UAVs） and transport aviation in the airport controlled airspace under the concept of urban air mobility， this paper proposes an airspace operation safety risk assessment method. Firstly， considering the maneuverability of UAVs and the position error of aircraft， a double-layer collision protection volume model is proposed； then， the Monte Carlo simulation method is used to simulate the aircraft error and calculate the collision probability. Furthermore， an improved Reich model suitable for the collision risk assessment of UAV routes and take-off and landing routes is proposed. Based on the improved Reich model， a risk assessment of UAV routes around a domestic hub airport is carried out. The results show that the collision risk between the Runway 33 landing route of the airport and the UAV operation route does not meet the Target Level of Safety （TLS） requirements. The study found that reducing the altitude and flight speed of the UAV route can reduce the collision risk， while changing the UAV route flow will not affect the collision risk.

Key words: UAV, urban air mobility, integrated operation, collision protection volume, collision risk assessment, improved Reich model

CLC Number:

V355

Jin YANG, Xu HANG, Yanjun WANG. Safety risk assessment of UAVs operations in airport controlled airspace[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2025, 46(11): 531276.

Figures/Tables 20

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References 25

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参数		数值
长（宽）/m		5.726
高/m		1.933
最大爬升率/（m·s^-1）		6
最大下降率/（m·s^-1）		5
最大加速度/（m·s^-2）		±5
最大平飞速度/（m·s^-1）		25
最大飞行高度/m		120
航线控制精度/m	水平方向	±20
航线控制精度/m	垂直方向	±2
悬停精度/m	水平方向	±2
悬停精度/m	垂直方向	±1
GPS定位精度/m		±1.5
最大俯仰角度/（°）		35
最大转弯坡度/（°）		20

航空器	爬升率/（km·h^-1）	下降率/（km·h^-1）	飞行流量/（架次·h^-1）	飞行速度/（km·h^-1）	飞行高度/m
有人机	50	13.5	10
EH216S	0	0	450	72	100

航线分段	节点	航向/（°）	航线夹角/（°）	长度/m
1	节点1~节点2	35.3/215.3	61.9	274.4
2	节点2~节点3	74.1254.1	79.3	576
3	节点3~节点5	98.4/278.4	55.0	1 340
4	节点5~节点6	36.8/216.8	63.4	709
5	节点6~节点8	11.1/191.1	37.7	2 371
6	节点8~节点10	94.5/274.5	58.9	522

飞行高度/m	飞行速度/（km·h^-1）
50	285
100	315
150	315
200	315
250	312
300	310
350	308
400	308
450	308
500	306
550	304
600	304
650	302
700	300

飞行高度/m	飞行速度/（km·h^-1）
50	225
100	225
150	228
200	235
250	230
300	233
350	246
400	265
450	275
500	293
550	299
600	310
650	364
700	364

Safety risk assessment of UAVs operations in airport controlled airspace

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飞行高度/m	飞行速度/（km·h^-1）
50	285
100	315
150	315
200	315
250	312
300	310
350	308
400	308
450	308
500	306
550	304
600	304
650	302
700	300

飞行高度/m	飞行速度/（km·h^-1）
50	225
100	225
150	228
200	235
250	230
300	233
350	246
400	265
450	275
500	293
550	299
600	310
650	364
700	364

飞行高度/m	碰撞风险/fapfh	飞行高度/m	碰撞风险/fapfh
50	1.17×10^-13	400	4.62×10^-12
100	1.59×10^-10	450	1.98×10^-14
150	1.89×10^-10	500	1.13×10^-17
200	1.77×10^-9	550	6.47×10^-21
250	1.64×10^-10	600	3.80×10^-24
300	1.52×10^-10	650	2.17×10^-27
350	1.09×10^-10	700	1.24×10^-30

飞行高度/m	碰撞风险/fapfh	飞行高度/m	碰撞风险/fapfh
50	8.35×10^-9	400	2.46×10^-50
100	4.71×10^-3	450	2.55×10^-58
150	2.42×10^-10	500	2.97×10^-66
200	2.41×10^-18	550	2.91×10^-74
250	2.02×10^-26	600	3.06×10^-82
300	1.90×10^-34	650	5.81×10^-90
350	2.07×10^-42	700	5.24×10^-98

起降航线	碰撞风险/fapfh
起降航线	分段1	分段2	分段3	分段4	分段5	分段6
跑道15起飞	1.96×10^-10	4.08×10^-12	4.19×10^-17	5.94×10^-28	6.84×10^-28	4.33×10^-29
跑道33降落	4.71×10^-3	5.62×10^-5	4.44×10^-9	1.41×10^-16	9.27×10^-21	9.89×10^-32
跑道16起飞	9.62×10^-25	2.15×10^-26	2.05×10^-31	3.05×10^-42	5.82×10^-42	6.11×10^-43
跑道34降落	2.79×10^-14	1.02×10^-15	3.90×10^-20	5.81×10^-28	3.68×10^-32	3.68×10^-41
跑道33起飞	3.93×10^-33	8.03×10^-35	8.13×10^-40	1.20×10^-50	2.27×10^-50	2.39×10^-51
跑道15降落	4.32×10^-34	8.64×10^-36	9.01×10^-41	1.31×10^-51	2.57×10^-51	2.64×10^-52
跑道34起飞	1.61×10^-50	1.14×10^-51	4.25×10^-40	1.61×10^-67	3.38×10^-67	3.32×10^-68
跑道16降落	1.77×10^-51	1.23×10^-52	1.28×10^-57	1.76×10^-68	3.82×10^-68	3.66×10^-69

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飞行高度/m	飞行速度/（km·h^-1）
50	285
100	315
150	315
200	315
250	312
300	310
350	308
400	308
450	308
500	306
550	304
600	304
650	302
700	300

飞行高度/m	飞行速度/（km·h^-1）
50	225
100	225
150	228
200	235
250	230
300	233
350	246
400	265
450	275
500	293
550	299
600	310
650	364
700	364

飞行高度/m	飞行速度/（km·h^-1）
50	285
100	315
150	315
200	315
250	312
300	310
350	308
400	308
450	308
500	306
550	304
600	304
650	302
700	300

飞行高度/m	飞行速度/（km·h^-1）
50	225
100	225
150	228
200	235
250	230
300	233
350	246
400	265
450	275
500	293
550	299
600	310
650	364
700	364