Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (11): 232679.doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.32679
• Solid Mechanics and Vehicle Conceptual Design • Previous Articles
Yining GAO1, Wenqing XIE1, Chun FANG1, Dandan ZHU2, Dongdong ZHAO2(
), Chunqiang LIU3, Yongfeng ZHU1
Received:2025-08-14
Revised:2025-08-26
Accepted:2025-11-04
Online:2025-11-20
Published:2025-11-13
Contact:
Dongdong ZHAO
E-mail:zhaodong@nwpu.edu.cn
Supported by:CLC Number:
Yining GAO, Wenqing XIE, Chun FANG, Dandan ZHU, Dongdong ZHAO, Chunqiang LIU, Yongfeng ZHU. Key technologies of fuel cell unmanned aerial vehicles and hybrid energy architecture[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2026, 47(11): 232679.
Table 4
Comparison of fuel cell characteristics[34]
| 类型 | PEMFC | AFC | PAFC | MCFC | SOFC |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 催化层 | 铂 | 镍 | 铂 | 非金属 | 非金属 |
| 氧化剂 | 氧气 | 氧气 | 氧气 | 氧气 | 氧气 |
| 电解质材料 | 质子交换膜 | 碱性溶液 | 磷酸盐溶液 | 熔融碳酸盐 | 固体氧化物 |
| 导电离子 | 氢离子 | 氢氧根离子 | 氢离子 | 碳酸根离子 | 氧离子 |
| 功率/kW | 1~100 | 10~100 | 100~400 | 300~3 000 | 1~2 000 |
| 效率/% | 35~60 | 45~60 | 35~60 | 45~60 | 50~60 |
| 工作温度/℃ | 50~100 | 70~100 | 150~200 | 600~700 | 700~1 000 |
| 寿命/(103 h) | 60~80 | 10 | 80~130 | 20 | 20~90 |
| 燃料 | 纯氢 | 纯氢 | 甲醇、汽油 | 天然气 | 氢气、天然气 |
| 应用领域 | 交通、运输 | 军事、航天 | 分布式发电 | 分布式发电 | 分布式发电 |
Table 9
Comparison of different types of power system architectures
| 动力系统类型 | 动力/能源单元 | 燃料电池 功率/kW | 体积(燃料 电池)/L | 质量/kg | 总质量/kg | 响应 速度 | 优点 | 缺点 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 纯燃料电池 | 燃料电池 | 269 | 53.8 | 67.25 | 慢 | 质量最轻, 控制简单 | 瞬态响应差 | |
| 燃料电池-锂电池 | 燃料电池/ 锂电池/液氢 | 119 | 23.8 | 29.75/ 91/118 | 238.75 | 快 | 瞬态响应好, 可靠性高 | 结构较复杂 |
燃料电池- 锂电池-太阳能 | 燃料电池/锂电池/ 液氢/太阳能板 | 109 | 21.8 | 27.25/91/ 108/240 | 466.25 | 快 | 降低氢耗, 续航时间长 | 结构复杂, 受天气影响 |
| 燃料电池-锂电池-超级电容器 | 燃料电池/锂电池/ 液氢/超级电容器 | 119 | 23.8 | 29.75/88/ 118/54 | 289.75 | 快 | 瞬态响应最好 | 结构最复杂, 成本最高 |
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