选区激光熔化制备难熔高熵合金研究现状与展望

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2023.29518

Abstract

Abstract:

With advantages of high melting point， high hardness and high-temperature phase structure stability， Refractory High-Entropy Alloys （RHEAs） have become important materials in the fields of aerospace， marine and nuclear energy industries. This paper presents a systematic review of different systems of RHEAs prepared by Selective Laser Melting （SLM） technology， and analyses the microstructure， mechanical properties， residual stress and corrosion resistance of SLM. The results show that the RHEAs prepared by SLM have not changed the intrinsic phase （BCC phase）， the dendritic crystal morphology is dendritic， equiaxed， and cytosolic， and the grain size has been reduced by an average of 80%–90% compared with that of conventional arc melting. The results also show strengthening mechanisms such as fine grain strengthening and solid solution strengthening caused by grain refinement effectively enhance the mechanical properties of the materials. In the preparation of RHEAs by SLM technology， the residual stress accumulation caused by local heating and cooling of the heat source can be reduced by optimizing the process parameters and preheating the base metal； SLM can achieve uniform distribution of refractory elements， and the refined grains can increase the grain boundary density， reduce intergranular corrosion， and enhance the corrosion resistance of the alloy.

Key words: selective laser melting, refractory high-entropy alloys, microstructure, mechanical properties, residual stress, corrosion resistance

CLC Number:

V252.2

Zhenghua GUO, Zheng CHEN, Yida ZENG, Yiqian GUO, Zhenhua NIU, Zirui YANG, Zhiyong LI, Junwu WAN. Research status and prospects of refractory high-entropy alloys prepared by selective laser melting[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(14): 29518.

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合金	工艺窗口	相结构	枝晶形貌	平均晶粒尺寸/μm	表面粗糙度/μm	晶格参数/Å	参考文献
VNbMoTaW	功率P=320 W 层厚dz=30 μm 扫描间距ds=90 μm 扫描速度v=400 mm/s 其他：钨基板预热180 ℃；层间旋转67°	BCC	柱状晶（横截面）胞状晶（顶面）	0.22 （横截面） 0.52 （顶面）	11.818	3.165 8	［55］
NbMoTaW	P=400 W dz=100 μm ds=100 μm v=250 mm/s 其他：C45钢； X和Y方向交叉扫描	BCC	树枝晶+片状马氏体结构枝晶	13.4		3.203 4	［56］
WMoTaTi	P=320 W dz=30 μm ds=80 μm v=300 mm/s 其他：基板预热200 ℃	BCC+密排六方（Hexagonal close-packed， HCP）	树枝晶				［57］
WMoTaNbV TiC/WMoTaNbV	P=325 W dz=40 μm ds=80 μm v=300 mm/s	BCC BCC+TiO₂	树枝晶胞状晶		9.148 17.865		［58］
WMoTaNbV	P=200 W dz=50 μm ds=45 μm v=100 mm/s	BCC	树枝/胞状晶	16.3			［59］
V_0.5Nb_0.5ZrTi	P=200 W dz=40 μm ds=60 μm v=300 mm/s 其他：X和Y方向交叉扫描	BCC	柱状晶+等轴晶	13.1 （柱状晶） 4.5 （等轴晶）		7.72	［60］
NbMoTa NbMoTaTi NbMoTaTi NbMoTaTi_0.5Ni_0.5	P=300 W dz=30 μm ds=30 μm v=300 mm/s	BCC BCC/α+Ti BCC+FCC BCC+B2+FCC	等轴晶等轴晶树枝晶树枝晶	26 21 8.6 8~10			［61］
NbTa_0.5TiMo_0.5	P=320 W dz=30 μm ds=60 μm v=500 mm/s 其他：钛基板预热200 ℃；层间旋转90 ℃	BCC	树枝晶	12.14			［62］
Ti_1.4Nb_0.6Ta_0.6Zr_1.4Mo_0.6	P=360 W dz=60 μm ds=80 μm v=1 200 mm/s	BCC	等轴晶+树枝晶	0.25			［63］

合金	屈服强度/MPa	抗压强度/MPa	显微硬度/HV	延展性/%	参考文献
VNbMoTaW		2 154	664		［55］
NbMoTaW			826		［56］
WMoTaTi			617.2±4.1		［57］
WMoTaNbV			614±21		［59］
V_0.5Nb_0.5ZrTi	1 450			15	［60］
NbMoTa	1 252.56	1 282.94	423.62±17.9	15	［61］
NbMoTaTi	1 201.48	1 380.27	422.06±18.5	23
NbMoTaNi	1 350.19	1 356.19	827.2±15.6	11
NbMoTaTi_0.5Ni_0.5	1 750.46	2 277.79	628.4±11.4	15
NbTa_0.5TiMo_0.2	1 298	2 455	452.90		［62］
NbTa_0.5TiMo_0.5	1 534	2 596	325.16
NbTa_0.5TiMo_1.0	1 609		335.20	25
Ti_1.4Nb_0.6Ta_0.6Zr_1.4Mo_0.6		1 690±78			［63］

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Research status and prospects of refractory high-entropy alloys prepared by selective laser melting

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