基于高精度回归共振的掩星观测轨道设计

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2023.29151

Abstract

Abstract:

The occultation observation technology is widely used to monitor the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Different from traditional optical observation， occultation observation requires the cooperation of a “source satellite” and an “observation satellite” to meet strict geometric constraints. This makes the orbit design of occultation observation satellites challenging. To improve the coverage of occultation observation satellites， this paper proposes an occultation observation configuration optimization method for occultation satellites based on precise repeat ground-track resonant orbit. First， the geometric constraints of occultation observations are translated from tangent height constraints to geocentric angle constraints， enabling a rapid assessment of continuous occultation observation arcs and coverage capabilities for any orbital configuration. Then， by utilizing the orbital characteristics of regression orbits and resonant orbits， a large-scale “source satellite - observation satellite” orbital configuration library is established， providing a foundational set of solutions for the design of occultation observation orbits. Finally， the orbital design of the source satellite and observation satellite is optimized， with the coverage capability of major carbon emission regions serving as the primary performance metric， and high-precision regression resonant observation configurations under $J 2$ perturbations are constructed using differential corrections.Results indicate that the designed occultation observation configuration not only ensures long duration of occultation observation during a single resonant period， but also achieves long-term maintenance of observation geometry and periodic stable observation. This method was successfully applied to the “Carbon Satellite Atmospheric Observation Orbit Design and Optimization” of the 8th China Graduate Future Flight Vehicle Innovation Competition and won the championship of the contest.

Key words: occultation observation, orbit design and optimization, repeat ground track, resonant orbit, Future Flight Vehicle Innovation Competition

CLC Number:

V448.2

Yining ZHANG, Changxuan WEN, Bo PANG, Tianhao ZHU, Jiaxin HE, Zihan JIN. Optimization of occultation observation configuration based on precise repeat ground-track resonant orbit[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(8): 329151.

Figures/Tables 16

Fig.1

Fig.2

Table 1

Fig.3

Table 2

Parameters of a tested orbital configuration

卫星	$a$ /km	$e$	$i$ /rad	$Ω$ /rad	$u$ /rad
信源	9 062.185 4	0	1.339 3	0	5.969 0
观测	6 913.415 4	0	1.481 6	0.790 6	3.581 4

Table 2

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Table 3

Parameter setting of repeat ground-track orbits library

参数	最大值	最小值	间隔区间
轨道高度 $R h$ /km	3 000	2 000	1
回归天数 $N d$	187	175	1
回归圈数 $N c$	2 000	1 500	1
轨道倾角 $i s$ /rad	1.134 5	2.007 1

Table 3

Table 4

Determined configuration parameters

卫星	$a$ /km	$e$	$i$ /rad
信源星0	9 061.167 9	0.000 1	1.342 1
观测星	6 913.561 6	0.000 1	1.482 8
卫星	$Ω$ /rad	$ω$ /rad	$ν$ /rad
信源星0	5.994 0	3.562 4	2.429 2
观测星	0.525 2	0.997 6	2.570 6

Table 4

Fig.7

Table 5

Parameters for remaining 2 source satellites in the main orbital plane

卫星	$a$ /km	$e$	$i$ /rad
信源星1	9 055.798 0	0.000 2	1.342 1
信源星2	9 049.210 4	0.000 7	1.342 1
卫星	$Ω$ /rad	$ω$ /rad	$ν$ /rad
信源星1	5.994 0	0.873 4	3.024 5
信源星2	5.994 0	4.791 3	3.294 4

Table 5

Fig.8

Fig.9

Fig.10

Table 6

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Optimization of occultation observation configuration based on precise repeat ground-track resonant orbit

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