临近空间太阳能飞机能量最优飞行航迹规划方法展望

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2022.27265

Abstract

Abstract:

Solar-powered aircraft is one of the most promising technical route for the development of low-speed aerial vehicle in near space， and is expected to be an ideal platform for regional communication， relay and transportation.N×24-hour energy closed loop is the crucial problem for the development of near space solar-powered aircraft，and is also a key technology for aircraft to have the ability of “regional maintenance & time sustainability”. The energy optimal flight path planning method is an effective technical route to solve the problem of day-night energy closed-loop of solar-powered aircraft in near space. Currently， there are two methods for energy optimal flight path planning： one is the method without considering the change of wind field， and the other is the method without considering the change of large-scale altitude. Analysis and comment are given to the research results of these two methods. In order to conquer the difficulties and challenges brought by these two different processing frameworks in practical engineering application， suggestion is proposed to build a uniform framework based on reinforcement learning to form a “general” flight path planning method. This framework should consider the changes of solar radiation， space altitude and wind field， and also the effects of energy stored by gravity potential and energy harvested from wind shear. The key technologies to achieve this aim are analyzed： The environmental characterization and reconstruction of wind field； the impact of near space gradient wind field on the energy of solar aircraft glide trajectory； The generation and classification of optimal flight path demonstration trajectory； the construction of solar aircraft reinforcement learning framework based on demonstration trajectory. This paper provides theoretical support for the design method of energy optimal flight path planning， and technical support for realization of high-altitude long-endurance flight.

Key words: near space, solar-powered aircraft, energy optimal, planning method of flight path, environment energy

CLC Number:

V271

Xianzhong GAO, Xiaolong DENG, Yujie WANG, Zheng GUO, Zhongxi HOU. General planning method for energy optimal flight path of solar⁃powered aircraft in near space[J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2023, 44(8): 27265-027265.

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名称	国家	翼展/m	质量/kg	构型	试验年份	持续飞行时间	最大飞行高度/km
AtlantikSolar	瑞士	5.65	6.8	常规	2015	81.5 h
Solara 50	美国	50	159	常规	2015	4 min 16 s	0.158
Owl	俄罗斯	9.5	11.8	常规	2016	50 h	9
EVA-3	韩国	>20	53	常规	2016	90 min	18.5
Aquila	美国	43	453	飞翼	2016	96 min	0.65
彩虹-9	中国	45		常规	2017	15 h	>20
ApusDuo	美国	14	23	串列翼	2018		0.02
StratoAirNet	美国	15		固定翼	2018		~1
Zephyr-S	英国	25	75	常规	2018 2021	26 d 36 d	22.5 23.2

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General planning method for energy optimal flight path of solar⁃powered aircraft in near space

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