一种基于重叠子孔径回波信息的SAR图像配准算法

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2022.27254

Abstract

Abstract:

Synthetic Aperture Radar （SAR） image registration is the process of finding the geometric transformation relationship between multiple SAR images to calibrate different images to a unified spatial coordinate system. When traditional optical image registration methods， such as Scale-Invariant Feature Transform （SIFT） combined with Random Sample Consensus （RANSAC） algorithm， are used for SAR image registration， the registration performance is greatly affected by the interference of multiplicative speckle noise. In this paper， a SAR image registration algorithm is proposed based on the echo information of overlapping subaperture. In the imaging processing of the complex echo data， using the phase information and the subaperture autofocusing algorithm， highly correlated overlapping subaperture images are obtained. The multiimage registration methods are used to achieve the subaperture image registration within and between imaging apertures， so as to improve the accuracy of SAR image registration. The processing results of the measured data of several different scenes show that the proposed algorithm has more homonymous points， fewer mismatched point pairs， and smaller root mean square error than the SIFT + RANSAC algorithm. Moreover， the proposed algorithm is more robust to speckle noise， and thereby gains the improved registration performance.

Key words: Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), image registration, overlapping subaperture, speckle noise, autofocusing

CLC Number:

V243.2

Zheng YE, Daiyin ZHU, Di WU. SAR image registration algorithm based on echo information of overlapping subaperture[J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2023, 44(8): 327254-327254.

Figures/Tables 14

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Table 1

Main parameters of measured data

参数	数值
频段	Ku波段
脉冲带宽/GHz	1
脉冲宽度/ $μ s$	20
脉冲重复频率/Hz	1 000
距离向采样频率/MHz	400
成像区域大小/（m×m）	750×750
飞行高度/m	3 185
成像模式	聚束模式

Table 1

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References 22

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场景	SIFT+RANSAC				本文算法
	匹配点对	匹配正确率	均方根误差	最大误差	匹配点对	匹配正确率	均方根误差	最大误差
场景1	28/28	0.982 1	2.276 0	10.808 9	37	1	1.353 8	4.281 0
场景2	22/42	0.968 8	32.727 3	185.930 0	46	1	2.021 4	6.292 2
场景3	9/15	0.916 7	32.034 0	127.752 2	18	1	1.675 2	4.183 5

场景	SIFT+RANSAC		本文算法
	图像熵	对比度	图像熵	对比度
场景1	9.746 6	1.868 3	9.061 1	2.313 1
场景2	8.811 7	2.715 9	8.163 9	3.376 2
场景3	10.541 9	1.534 6	9.764 8	1.973 8

场景	SIFT+RANSAC		本文算法
	成像+自聚焦/s	配准/s	成像+自聚焦/s		配准/s
场景1	62.652 0	1.592 5		83.144 4	0.725 9
场景2	56.545 7	1.552 2		73.979 2	0.548 9
场景3	58.135 9	1.140 8		68.118 5	0.532 7

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SAR image registration algorithm based on echo information of overlapping subaperture

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