航空学报 > 2026, Vol. 47 Issue (17): 632875-632875   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2026.32875

铝基粉末冲压发动机燃烧与沉积特性试验

薛鸿涵, 黄利亚(), 张家瑞, 刘子豪   

  1. 国防科技大学 空天科学学院,长沙 410073
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-10 修回日期:2025-12-04 接受日期:2026-04-29 出版日期:2026-05-20 发布日期:2026-05-19
  • 通讯作者: 黄利亚 E-mail:mvhuang@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    湖南省科技创新领军人才项目(22RC3045)

Test on combustion and deposition characteristics of aluminum-based powder-fueled ramjet

Honghan XUE, Liya HUANG(), Jiarui ZHANG, Zihao LIU   

  1. College of Aerospace Science and Engineering,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China
  • Received:2025-10-10 Revised:2025-12-04 Accepted:2026-04-29 Online:2026-05-20 Published:2026-05-19
  • Contact: Liya HUANG E-mail:mvhuang@163.com
  • Supported by:
    Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Leading Talent Project(22RC3045)

摘要:

在铝基粉末冲压发动机中燃烧产物沉积会加剧热防护材料烧蚀,改变发动机内部结构和尺寸,严重影响发动机性能。因此采用地面直连试验探究了铝基粉末冲压发动机的燃烧与沉积特性,并对不同位置处沉积物的微观形貌和组分进行了分析。结果表明燃烧室内沉积物主要分布于喷管收缩段和二次进气口位置。随空燃比的增大,燃烧室压力波动程度逐渐降低,且发动机燃烧效率不断提高,最高可达95%。增大空燃比对沉积物分布几乎没有影响,但能有效减少燃烧室内沉积速率,提高比冲效率。在燃烧室头部,沉积物为颗粒状,主要成分为铝,二次进气口下游的沉积物为块状或条状,主要成分为氧化铝且存在两种不同的晶型。颗粒与壁面碰撞后存在几种不同的沉积行为,如保持球形、展成液膜、飞溅、沿壁面滑动等,此外铝颗粒与壁面的碰撞还可能会导致氧化膜破裂。

关键词: 铝粉, 沉积, 发动机性能, 燃烧, 冲压发动机

Abstract:

The deposition of combustion products in powder-fueled ramjet will aggravate the ablation of thermal protection materials, change the internal structure and size of the engine, and seriously affect the engine performance. Therefore, the combustion and deposition characteristics of aluminum-based powder-fueled ramjet are investigated by ground direct connection test, and the micro-morphology and composition of deposition at different positions are analyzed. The results show that the deposition in the combustion chamber is mainly distributed in the nozzle contraction section and the secondary air inlet. With the increase of air-fuel ratio, the pressure fluctuation of combustion chamber decreases gradually, and the combustion efficiency of engine increases continuously, up to 95%. Increasing air-fuel ratio has little effect on the deposition distribution, but it can effectively reduce the deposition rate in the combustion chamber and improve the specific impulse efficiency. At the head of the combustion chamber, the deposit is granular, mainly composed of aluminum, and the deposit downstream of the secondary air inlet is block or strip, mainly composed of alumina, and there are two different crystal forms. There are several different deposition behaviors after the particles collide with the wall, such as keeping spherical, developing into liquid film, splashing, sliding along the wall, etc. In addition, due to the existence of oxide film, the collision between aluminum particles and the wall may cause the oxide film to rupture.

Key words: aluminum powder, deposition, engine performance, combustion, ramjet

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