航空学报 > 2026, Vol. 47 Issue (13): 533473-533473   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2026.33473

基于壁面吹气的高超声速湍流边界层减阻降热

陈锦辉1, 柳婉婷1, 李志远1, 蔡淏屹2, 吴杰1()   

  1. 1.华中科技大学 航空航天学院,武汉 430074
    2.湖北航天技术研究院总体设计所,武汉 430048
  • 收稿日期:2026-02-06 修回日期:2026-02-26 接受日期:2026-03-16 出版日期:2026-03-26 发布日期:2026-03-19
  • 通讯作者: 吴杰 E-mail:jiewu@hust.edu.cn

Drag and heat reduction in a hypersonic turbulent boundary layer via wall blowing

Jinhui CHEN1, Wanting LIU1, Zhiyuan LI1, Haoyi CAI2, Jie WU1()   

  1. 1.School of Aerospace Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China
    2.System Design Institute of Hubei Aerospace Technology Academy,Wuhan 430048,China
  • Received:2026-02-06 Revised:2026-02-26 Accepted:2026-03-16 Online:2026-03-26 Published:2026-03-19
  • Contact: Jie WU E-mail:jiewu@hust.edu.cn

摘要:

高超声速飞行器在实际飞行过程中面临严峻的气动力/热环境。针对高超声速飞行器在湍流边界层条件下面临的高摩擦阻力、强气动加热现象,采用大涡模拟(LES)方法,开展了壁面小孔微吹气对马赫数为6的平板湍流边界层减阻、降热特性的影响研究。通过对比光滑平板、多孔平板工况,分析了微吹气作用下壁面摩阻系数、壁面温度沿流向的发展规律,发现微吹气在减小摩擦阻力的同时还能产生降热效果,局部最大减阻率、降热率可分别达到17.8%、7.6%。通过对小孔吹气流动控制机制的研究,发现壁面吹气使湍流边界层平均速度剖面上抬,近壁低速流体向外重新分布,并伴随流向速度脉动增强、剪切雷诺应力增大。湍流统计分析表明,微吹气增强了近壁区湍流的间歇性特征,提高了上吹事件的发生概率,强化了近壁区流体向外输运过程,从而在实现减阻的同时有效减小了壁面热负荷。研究结果表明,壁面小孔微吹气在高超声速湍流边界层减阻、降热方面具有良好的应用潜力。

关键词: 高超声速, 微吹气, 湍流边界层, 减阻, 降热

Abstract:

Hypersonic vehicles are subjected to severe aerodynamic drag and thermal loads during practical flight. To address the issues of high skin-friction drag and intense aerodynamic heating under hypersonic turbulent boundary layer conditions, Large Eddy Simulation (LES) is performed to investigate the drag-and heat-reduction effects of wall micro-blowing through small pores on a Mach number of 6 flat-plate turbulent boundary layer. By comparing smooth-wall and porous-wall configurations, the streamwise distributions of the skin-friction coefficient and wall temperature are analyzed. The results show that wall micro-blowing can simultaneously reduce skin-friction drag and wall thermal load, with the maximum local drag-reduction and heat-reduction rates reaching 17.8% and 7.6%, respectively.Further analysis of the flow-control mechanisms reveals that micro-blowing lifts the mean velocity profile of the turbulent boundary layer, redistributes near-wall low-speed fluid toward the outer region, and is accompanied by enhanced streamwise velocity fluctuations and shear Reynolds stress. Turbulence statistics indicate that micro-blowing intensifies the intermittency of near-wall turbulence, increases the occurrence probability of ejection events, and strengthens the outward transport of low-momentum fluid, which contributes to drag reduction while effectively alleviating wall heat load. These results demonstrate that micro-blowing through small pores has promising potential for simultaneous drag and heat reduction in hypersonic turbulent boundary layers.

Key words: hypersonic flow, micro-blowing, turbulent boundary layer, drag reduction, heat reduction

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