航空学报 > 2026, Vol. 47 Issue (12): 132990-132990   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2026.32990

基于差分进化算法的复合材料电热防冰系统功率分布优化方法

郭晓峰1(), 冯丽娟1, 董威2, 郑梅1, 秦娜1, 尹金鸽1   

  1. 1.中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司,上海  200241
    2.上海交通大学 机械与动力工程学院,上海  200240
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-29 修回日期:2025-11-27 接受日期:2026-01-25 出版日期:2026-02-04 发布日期:2026-02-03
  • 通讯作者: 郭晓峰 E-mail:guoxiaofeng8848@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技重大专项(J2019-Ⅲ-0010-0054)

Power distribution optimization method of composite material electrothermal anti-icing system based on differential evolution algorithm

Xiaofeng GUO1(), Lijuan FENG1, Wei DONG2, Mei ZHENG1, Na QIN1, Jinge YIN1   

  1. 1.AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co. ,Ltd. ,Shanghai  200241,China
    2.School of Mechanical Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China
  • Received:2025-10-29 Revised:2025-11-27 Accepted:2026-01-25 Online:2026-02-04 Published:2026-02-03
  • Contact: Xiaofeng GUO E-mail:guoxiaofeng8848@163.com
  • Supported by:
    National Science and Technology Major Project of China (J2019-Ⅲ-0010-0054)

摘要:

碳纤维复合材料(CFRP)具有高比模量和高比强度的特点。在飞机轻量化和低能耗化的发展趋势下,基于碳纤维复合材料的电热防冰系统具有广泛的应用前景。为了减少复合材料电热防冰系统的功率消耗,针对具有各向异性导热特点的碳纤维复合材料蒙皮,提出了基于差分进化算法的电热防冰系统功率分布优化方法。引入坐标变换法计算复合材料蒙皮内的各向异性导热过程,建立了耦合各向异性导热和溢流水模型的电热防冰系统分析模型;建立了基于差分进化算法和电热防冰耦合模型的优化框架,实现了对复合材料电热防冰系统功率分布的优化。结冰条件相同时,优化后保证防冰性能所需的功率消耗降低了8%;电热防冰系统功率分布设计时,为了保证防冰性能并实现系统能耗的最小化,可以通过调整电热防冰系统功率分布,在对流换热系数大的区域降低防冰表面温度以减少热损失,同时在对流换热系数小的区域升高防冰表面温度以确保足够撞击水被蒸发。

关键词: 电热防冰, 差分进化算法, 碳纤维复合材料, 各向异性热传导, 功率优化

Abstract:

Carbon fiber composites have the characteristics of high specific modulus and high specific strength. Under the development trend of lightweight and low energy consumption of aircraft, the electrothermal anti-icing system based on carbon fiber composites has a wide application prospect. To reduce the power consumption of the electrothermal anti-icing system of carbon fiber composites, an optimization method of electrothermal power distribution based on differential evolution algorithm is proposed for the carbon fiber composite skin with anisotropic thermal conductivity characteristics. The coordinate transformation method is introduced to calculate the anisotropic heat conduction process in the carbon fiber composite airfoil skin, and an analytical model of the electrothermal anti-icing system coupled with anisotropic heat conduction and runback water model of carbon fiber composite is established. An optimization framework based on the differential evolution algorithm and the coupled electrothermal anti-icing model is established to realize the optimization process of the power distribution of the electrothermal anti-icing system. The optimization results for the electrothermal anti-icing system with multi-layer structure show that the optimization framework can optimize the power distribution of the electrothermal anti-icing system. When icing conditions are the same, the optimized power consumption required to ensure anti-icing performance is reduced by 8%. In the power distribution design of an electrothermal anti-icing system, to ensure anti-icing performance while minimizing energy consumption, the power distribution can be adjusted by lowering the surface temperature in areas with high convective heat transfer coefficients to reduce heat loss, while raising the surface temperature in areas with low convective heat transfer coefficients to ensure sufficient evaporation of impinging water.

Key words: electrothermal anti-icing, differential evolutionary algorithm, carbon fiber composite, anisotropic heat transfer, power optimization

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