航空学报 > 2026, Vol. 47 Issue (17): 632966-632966   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.32966

固体火箭超燃冲压发动机模态转换迟滞现象

董新刚1, 蔡瑞鹏2, 杨玉新2, 黄礼铿2(), 何国强1   

  1. 1.西北工业大学 固体推进全国重点实验室,西安 710072
    2.西安航天动力技术研究所 固体推进全国重点实验室,西安 710025
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-24 修回日期:2025-12-08 接受日期:2026-01-06 出版日期:2026-01-16 发布日期:2026-01-15
  • 通讯作者: 黄礼铿 E-mail:hjlk68@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家级项目

Hysteresis of combustion mode transition in solid rocket scramjet engine

Xingang DONG1, Ruipeng CAI2, Yuxin YANG2, Likeng HUANG2(), Guoqiang HE1   

  1. 1.National Key Laboratory of Solid Rocket Propulsion,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China
    2.National Key Laboratory of Solid Rocket Propulsion,Institute of Xi’an Aerospace Solid Propulsion Technology,Xi’an 710025,China
  • Received:2025-10-24 Revised:2025-12-08 Accepted:2026-01-06 Online:2026-01-16 Published:2026-01-15
  • Contact: Likeng HUANG E-mail:hjlk68@126.com
  • Supported by:
    National Level Project

摘要:

为提高固体火箭超燃冲压发动机模态转换特性的认识水平,开展了固体火箭超燃冲压发动机模态转换直连试验研究。直连试验模拟马赫数6.0、高度26.0 km的飞行工况,来流空气流量4.0 kg/s。通过改变一次燃气流量,在同一燃烧室构型内实现了亚燃模态燃烧和超燃模态燃烧。亚燃模态燃烧燃气发生器最高压强3.152 MPa,一次燃气最高流量0.533 kg/s,工作时间约7 s;超燃模态燃烧燃气发生器最高工作压强1.404 MPa,一次燃气最高流量0.312 kg/s,工作时间约11 s。试验结果显示在相同空燃比(14.0、13.5、13.0)时,亚燃模态燃烧发动机沿程压强明显高于超燃模态燃烧,说明在相同的工作参数和发动机构型下,燃烧室可能处于超燃模态也可能处于亚燃模态,即存在模态转换迟滞现象。通过分析直连试验点火初始阶段发动机的沿程压强分布,发现燃烧模态迟滞现象是一次燃气着火区域不同造成的。

关键词: 固体火箭, 超燃冲压, 模态转换, 迟滞现象, 直连试验

Abstract:

To raise the level of understanding of combustion mode transition characteristics in solid rocket scramjet engine, direct connect test of mode transition in solid rocket scramjet engine is investigated. The flight condition of Mach number 6.0 and height of 26.0 km is simulated in direct connect test, and mass flow rate of inflow air is 4.0 kg/s. With adjusting the mass rate of fuel gas, subsonic combustion mode and supersonic combustion mode are observed in the same configuration of combustor. The max pressure of fuel gas generator in subsonic combustion mode is 3.152 MPa, the max mass flow rate of fuel gas is 0.533 kg/s, and working hours is about 7 s; the max pressure of fuel gas generator in supersonic combustion mode is 1.404 MPa, the max mass flow rate of fuel gas is 0.312 kg/s, and working hours is about 11 s. The result shows that at the same air-fuel ratio (14.0, 13.5, 13.0), the distribution of pressure along the engine in subsonic combustion mode is apparently higher than that in supersonic combustion mode. This phenomenon shows that under the same inlet flow condition and engine configuration, there may be subsonic combustion mode or supersonic combustion mode, and in other words, hysteresis of combustion mode transition appears. Analyzing the distribution of pressure along the engine during initial ignition stage of tests, it is found that hysteresis of combustion mode transition is caused by difference in ignition region of fuel gas.

Key words: solid rocket, scramjet, mode transition, hysteresis, direct connect test

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