航空学报 > 2025, Vol. 46 Issue (22): 331998-331998   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.31998

推进民航自主运行所需关键技术及其部署方案

周锦伦, 张洪海(), 李雯清   

  1. 南京航空航天大学 民航学院,南京 211106
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-19 修回日期:2025-04-15 接受日期:2025-05-19 出版日期:2025-06-03 发布日期:2025-05-30
  • 通讯作者: 张洪海 E-mail:honghaizhang@nuaa.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    民用飞机专项科研(MJZ1-7N22)

Key technologies and deployment routes for advancing autonomous operations in civil aviation

Jinlun ZHOU, Honghai ZHANG(), Wenqing LI   

  1. College of Civil Aviation,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,China
  • Received:2025-03-19 Revised:2025-04-15 Accepted:2025-05-19 Online:2025-06-03 Published:2025-05-30
  • Contact: Honghai ZHANG E-mail:honghaizhang@nuaa.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    Chinese Special Research Project for Civil Aircraft(MJZ1-7N22)

摘要:

民航自主运行是一种以机载端飞行员为核心决策主体,配备以精准运行态势感知、可靠决策支持、先进航空器控制系统的未来航行新模式。推进民航自主运行旨在突破现行空域容量与航空运输效率,降低管制员工作负荷,提升航班飞行绩效。详细梳理并系统化定义了民航自主运行基本概念与关键运行特征;结合中国民航产业发展现状、世界先进空中交通管理改革趋势,分析了国家推进民航自主运行所需态势感知、决策支持、间隔保持等关键技术,以及该模式所需飞行机载端、地面管制端配套设施;进一步基于现行国家空中交通管理体制,设计了推进民航自主运行的基础建设方案与运行管控模式。总体而言,面向未来高密度、大流量民航运输需求,推动民航空中交通管理整体性、系统性的改革势在必为,而伴随着空中交通管理理念、智能决策支持算法、通信控制系统的不断革新,自主运行模式将有望成为多项民航先进技术的部署与集成载体,引领我国乃至世界航空运输服务保障能力实现质的飞跃。

关键词: 空中交通管理, 空中交通管制, 自主运行模式, 基于航迹运行, 自由航路空域

Abstract:

Autonomous operation of civil aviation is a new mode of future Air Traffic Management (ATM), where the onboard pilot is the central decision-maker supported by precise situation awareness, reliable decision-making support, and an advanced ATM system. The promotion of autonomous operations in civil aviation aims to overcome the limitations of airspace capacity and efficiency, reduce the workload of air traffic controllers, and enhance the merit of the flight. This paper systematically defines the concept and characteristics of the autonomous operation mode. Based on the current development of China’s civil aviation industry and global trends in ATM reforms, it outlines the key technologies needed to implement autonomous operations, such as situational awareness, decision-making support, and safety interval maintenance. Furthermore, we propose the necessary infrastructure for both onboard and ground-based systems, and a development plan for promoting autonomous operation, considering the existing ATM system. Finally, to meet the future high-density and high-volume aviation transport demands, comprehensive and systematic reforms in ATM systems of civil aviation is imperative. With continuous innovations in air traffic operation systems, advanced intelligent algorithms for decision-making support, and communication capabilities, autonomous operations are expected to become a platform for deploying and integrating multiple advanced technologies, ultimately leading to a significant breakthrough in air traffic capabilities in China and around the world.

Key words: air traffic management, air traffic control, autonomous operation mode, trajectory-based operation, free-route airspace

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