航空学报 > 2025, Vol. 46 Issue (18): 131735-131735   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.31735

高超声速再入钝头体飞行走廊等离子体化学反应分析

关山月1, 田正雨1(), 谢文佳1, 付黔粤1, 褚雨航1, 朱家俊2   

  1. 1.国防科技大学 空天科学学院,长沙 410073
    2.湖南大学 材料科学与工程学院,长沙 410082
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-30 修回日期:2025-02-24 接受日期:2025-03-24 出版日期:2025-09-25 发布日期:2025-03-28
  • 通讯作者: 田正雨 E-mail:tianzhengyu_kd@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国防基础科学研究计划(JCKY2022110C069);国家自然科学基金(12202490);湖南省自然科学基金(2024JJ6455);湖南省自然科学基金(11472004)

Analysis of plasma chemical reactions of hypersonic reentry blunt in flight corridor

Shanyue GUAN1, Zhengyu TIAN1(), Wenjia XIE1, Qianyue FU1, Yuhang CHU1, Jiajun ZHU2   

  1. 1.College of Aerospace Science and Engineering,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China
    2.College of Materials Science and Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China
  • Received:2024-12-30 Revised:2025-02-24 Accepted:2025-03-24 Online:2025-09-25 Published:2025-03-28
  • Contact: Zhengyu TIAN E-mail:tianzhengyu_kd@163.com
  • Supported by:
    National Defense Basic Scientific Research Program of China(JCKY2022110C069);National Natural Science Foundation of China(12202490);Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2024JJ6455)

摘要:

再入飞行器在高速穿越大气层时,会遭遇“黑障”现象,严重影响通信。为准确模拟等离子体流场,必须依赖准确的化学反应模型,然而,现有模型的适用范围尚未得到充分界定。采用灵敏度分析方法,针对飞行走廊上球头驻点线流场进行分析,旨在评估电离反应的重要程度。研究发现,在飞行高度58~64 km、马赫数11~15范围内,仅需要考虑N原子和O原子的缔合电离反应;而在飞行高度64~70 km、马赫数15~19范围内,除了N原子和O原子的缔合电离反应外,还需要考虑O原子间的缔合电离反应;在飞行高度64~70 km、马赫数19~22时,N原子间的缔合电离反应变得不可忽视;在飞行高度60~70 km、马赫数22~26范围内,需要增加N原子和O原子的电子碰撞电离反应,此时需要考虑所有的电离反应。研究为化学反应模型的选择和应用提供了重要的理论依据和参考,有助于提高再入飞行器等离子体流场模拟的准确性和可靠性。

关键词: 高超声速, 黑障, 等离子体流场, 化学反应模型, 电离反应, 灵敏度分析

Abstract:

During hypersonic atmospheric entry, vehicles encounter the “blackout” phenomenon, which severely affects communications. To accurately simulate the plasma flow field, it is essential to rely on accurate chemical reaction models. However, the applicability range of existing models has not been fully defined. This study employs sensitivity analysis to analyze the stagnation line flow field of the spherical nose in the flight corridor, aiming to evaluate five ionization reactions. The study finds that, in the altitude range of 58-64 km and Mach number range of 11-15, only the associative ionization reaction of nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O) atoms needs to be considered. In the altitude range of 64-70 km and Mach number range of 15-19, in addition to the associative ionization reaction of N and O atoms, the associative ionization reaction of O atoms must also be considered. Furthermore, in the altitude range of 64-70 km and Mach number range of 19-22, the associative ionization reaction between N atoms also become significant. Within the flight altitude range of 60-70 km and Mach number range of 22-26, it is necessary to consider the electron-impact ionization reactions of N and O atoms. Meanwhile, all ionization reactions should be taken into account. This study provides important theoretical basis and reference for the selection and application of chemical reaction models, contributing to improving the accuracy and reliability of plasma flow field simulation for re-entry vehicles.

Key words: hypersonic, blackout, plasma flow, chemical reaction model, ionization reaction, sensitivity analysis

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