航空学报 > 2025, Vol. 46 Issue (5): 531603-531603   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2024.31603

固体力学与飞行器总体设计

氢能源无人机关键技术研究进展

向锦武1,2, 马凯1, 阚梓1(), 李道春1,2, 郑可欣1, 陈汉轩1   

  1. 1.北京航空航天大学 航空科学与工程学院,北京 100191
    2.天目山实验室,杭州 311115
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-03 修回日期:2024-12-11 接受日期:2024-12-26 出版日期:2025-01-07 发布日期:2025-01-07
  • 通讯作者: 阚梓 E-mail:kanzi2017@buaa.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省重点研发计划(2024SSYS0087);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金

Review of key technologies for hydrogen powered unmanned aerial vehicles

Jinwu XIANG1,2, Kai MA1, Zi KAN1(), Daochun LI1,2, Kexin ZHENG1, Hanxuan CHEN1   

  1. 1.School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China
    2.Tianmushan Laboratory,Hangzhou 311115,China
  • Received:2024-12-03 Revised:2024-12-11 Accepted:2024-12-26 Online:2025-01-07 Published:2025-01-07
  • Contact: Zi KAN E-mail:kanzi2017@buaa.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    Key R & D Program of Zhejiang(2024SSY0087);Fundamental Research Funds for the Central University

摘要:

氢能源无人机作为新能源动力无人机中最具发展潜力的机型之一,其发展与绿色航空概念以及低空经济场景联系紧密。总结了氢能源无人机发展过程中涉及的关键领域和技术问题,并对相关研究进行了总结和梳理,旨在为氢能源无人机设计提供参考。首先对氢能源无人机的发展历史、技术优势、应用场景和常见机型进行了概述。然后以总体设计技术、结构设计技术、动力系统设计技术以及飞行控制技术4大技术领域中涉及氢能源无人机的关键问题进行了分类探讨,分析了每个领域中所面临的技术前沿问题和国内外研究人员目前的相关研究。最后结合相关技术进展,对氢能源无人机的发展提出了建议与展望。研究表明,氢能源无人机的发展潜力仍未被完全发掘,需要多学科、多领域共同发力,发挥氢能在无人机增加续航时间、降低机载质量和助力绿色航空发展等方面的关键作用。

关键词: 氢能源无人机, 总体设计技术, 结构设计技术, 动力系统设计技术, 飞行控制技术

Abstract:

As one of the most promising types of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) powered by new energy sources, hydrogen-powered UAVs are closely linked to the concept of green aviation and low-altitude economic scenarios. To provide a reference for the design of hydrogen powered UAVs, this paper summarizes the key areas and technical issues involved in the development of hydrogen powered UAVs, and reviews relevant research. The review first outlines the development history, technical advantages, application scenarios, and common examples of hydrogen powered UAVs. Subsequently, it categorizes and discusses the key issues related to hydrogen powered UAVs in four major technical areas: overall design technology, structural design technology, power system design technology, and flight control technology. Moreover, the technical frontiers faced in each area and the current research conducted by researchers both domestically and internationally are analyzed. Finally, combining the relevant technological advancements, the paper proposes suggestions and outlooks for the development of hydrogen powered UAVs. The research indicates that the development potential of hydrogen powered UAVs has not been fully explored, and joint efforts across multiple disciplines and fields to leverage hydrogen’s crucial role in extending UAV endurance are required so as to reduce onboard weight, and promote green aviation development.

Key words: hydrogen powered UAVs, overall design technology, structual design technology, power system design technology, flight control technology

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